Purpose: The purpose of the work is to study the problems of legal regulation of issues related to providing the population with high-quality and safe products, sustainable development and modernization of agriculture and fisheries and the infrastructure of the domestic market. Design/methodology/approach: The methodological basis of the study was made up of general scientific and private scientific methods (comparative legal, statistical and expert assessment method). Findings: In recent years, fundamental documents have been adopted and are being implemented, providing for a set of tools to counter internal and external threats in the food sector. At the same time, according to the results of inspections, there is a negative trend of an increase in the number of violations detected at food facilities, including those related to expired products, non-compliance with storage conditions, falsification. At the regulatory level, in order to minimize low-quality products, a system of risk indicators has been introduced. Originality/value: The conducted research allowed us to draw the following conclusions: ignoring and underestimating the principle of legality at the doctrinal level is closely related to the negative phenomena of law-making and law enforcement activities. We consider it timely and necessary to adopt the Concept of Ensuring the Rule of Law, ensuring the principle of universality of compliance with legal regulations, excluding the framework nature of such an important area of activity of state bodies as providing the population with high-quality and safe products.