Morvan Syndrome

Thymic malignancy is often associated with paraneoplastic neurological diseases (PNDs) and recognition of these disorders is important for physicians who treat these patients. The most common thymoma-associated PNDs are myasthenia gravis, acquired neuromyotonia (Isaacs' syndrome), encephalitis, Morvan's syndrome, and myositis. Diagnosis of these disorders is complex but often aided by testing for specific autoantibodies, including those to the acetylcholine receptor (AChR) for myasthenia gravis and to Caspr2, protein of the voltage-gated potassium channel (VGKC) complex, in patients with acquired neuromyotonia, Morvan's syndrome, or encephalitis. Patients who manifest these disorders should be screened for thymoma at diagnosis, and worsening of these PNDs may be associated with recurrent thymoma. These disorders can cause profound disability but usually respond to immunotherapy, and often improve with thymoma treatment. Close cooperation among a team of specialists is required to properly care for these patients.

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“…8 When associated with thymoma, oncologic treatment can significantly improve the neurological diseases. 21, 22 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paraneoplastic Disorders in Thymoma Patients

Evoli

Lancaster

2014

Journal of Thoracic Oncology

117

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“…The mean reported age is 52 years. The presentation process can be seen subacute to chronic in 74% of cases, with an average duration of symptoms of 12 months at the time of diagnosis [ 3 ]. Our case is different from literature in aspect of the patient’s gender, presentation age and the disease process.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morvan Syndrome: A Rare Cause of Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion

Demirbaş¹,

Zengin²,

Mazman³

et al. 2017

Medicine and Pharmacy Reports

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The syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) accounts for an important part of hyponatremia cases. The causes of SIADH can be detected almost always. As a rare disorder, Morvan Syndrome can be defined by the sum of peripheral nerve hyperexcitability, autonomic instability and neuropsychiatric features. Antibodies to voltage-gated potassium channels (Anti – VGKC-Ab) including contactin associated protein-like 2 antibodies (CASPR2-Ab) and leucine-rich glioma inactivated protein 1 antibodies (LGI1-Ab) were previously known for the potential association with this condition. We present a Morvan Syndrome in a patient who presented with various neuropsychiatric symptoms and SIADH.

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“…Case 1 showed the features of confusion, hallucinations, insomnia, weight loss, and myokymia and thus was diagnosed as MoS [4]. Case 2 was similar to case 1 but without apparent CNS syndrome and thus was diagnosed as Isaacs' syndrome [2,3].…”

Section: Literature Review and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Isaacs' syndrome has other symptoms such as muscle cramps, fasciculations, excessive sweating, and weight loss [2,3]. MoS overlaps with Isaacs' syndrome, including peripheral nerve system dysfunction, autonomic nerve system dysfunction, and central nerve system dysfunction [4,5]. In addition to the symptoms of Isaacs' syndrome, MoS shows encephalopathy manifested as confusion, insomnia, hallucinations, and agitation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subacute Motor Neuron Hyperexcitability with Mercury Poisoning: A Case Series and Literature Review

et al. 2014

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Motor neuron hyperexcitability (MNH) indicates a disorder characterized by an ectopic motor nerve discharge on electromyogram (EMG). Here, we present a series of three cases of subacute MNH with mercury poisoning. The first case showed hyperhidrosis, insomnia, generalied myokymia, cramps, tremor, weight loss, and myokymic and neuromyotonic discharges, followed by encephalopathy with confusion, hallucinations, and memory decrease. The second case was similar to the former but without encephalopathic features. The third case showed widespread fasciculation, fatigue, insomnia, weight loss, and autonomic dysfunction, including constipation, micturition difficulty, and impotence, with multiple fibrillation, unstable fasciculation, widened motor neuron potential, and an incremental response at high-rate stimulation in repetitive nerve stimulation. Based on the symptoms, the three cases were diagnosed as Morvan's syndrome, Isaacs' syndrome, and Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome with ALS-like syndrome, respectively. Mercury poisoning in the three cases was confirmed by analysis of blood and urine samples. All cases recovered several months after chelation therapy and were in good condition at follow-up. Very few cases of MNH linked with mercury exposure have been reported in the literature. The mechanism of mercury-induced MNH may be associated with ion channel dysfunction.

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Morvan Syndrome

Cited by 65 publications

References 30 publications

Paraneoplastic Disorders in Thymoma Patients

Paraneoplastic Disorders in Thymoma Patients

Morvan Syndrome: A Rare Cause of Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion

Subacute Motor Neuron Hyperexcitability with Mercury Poisoning: A Case Series and Literature Review

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