MoS₂/MnO₂ Nanoparticles Loaded with 2,2′-Azobis[2-(2-imidazolin-2-yl)propane]dihydrochloride for Chemodynamic/Photothermal Antibacterial Applications

Abstract

Drug-resistant bacterial infections pose a significant threat to global public health. Furthermore, the formation of biofilms makes traditional antibiotic treatments significantly less effective in killing multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. In this work, we prepared a molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanosphere-based nanocomposite that utilized both photothermal therapy (PTT) and chemodynamic therapy (CDT) for effectively eradicating biofilms. A layer of manganese dioxide (MnO2) was adsorbed onto the surface of the MoS2 nanospheres by redox and electrostatic adsorption methods, and the resulting MoS2/MnO2 were loaded with 2,2′-azobis[2-(2-imidazolin-2-yl)propane]-dihydrochloride (AIPH) to form the MoS2/MnO2-AIPH nanocomposite (MMA). The microenvironment of biofilms is slightly acidic, lacks oxygen, and has a high concentration of glutathione (GSH). The MnO2 was capable of reacting with GSH to deplete it while also generating •OH radicals for CDT. In the presence of NIR light (808 nm), the temperature increase brought about by PTT further enhanced the CDT efficacy synergistically. The results showed that the photothermal conversion efficiency of the MMA was 40.5% at a concentration of 100 μg/mL, and the biofilm eradication rate of both MDR Escherichia coli and MDR Staphylococcus aureus was above 90%. The high bacterial inhibition rate (above 96%), as well as the excellent biosafety and biocompatibility of the MMA nanocomposite enabled it to effectively promote wound healing, which has significant implications in treating bacterial infections and promoting wound healing in clinical settings.

Ag+-Adsorbing Semiconducting Polymer Nanosponge for Smart Local Treatment of Wound Infection

“…Bacterial infections has become a major threat to human health, and many patients die each year from diseases associated with infections. – Antibiotic therapy is a common treatment strategy in the fight against bacterial infections and has been widely used in clinical trials. – However, the excessive use of antibiotics could lead to antibiotic resistance in bacteria, which makes antimicrobial therapy ineffective. – Recently, light-activated photothermal therapy (PTT) shows promising potential in antibacterial therapy because they can kill bacteria cells rapidly and show remote controllability and noninvasive property. – Photothermal antimicrobial nanoagents such as CuS, – gold nanoparticles, – and molybdenum disulfide nanosheets (MoS 2 NSs) – have been developed to combat bacterial infections. However, the toxic effect of PTT nanoagents and their potential risk on environments is still a major concern .…”