Mosquito Abundance is Correlated with Cliff Swallow (&lt;I&gt;Petrochelidon pyrrhonota&lt;/I&gt;) Colony Size

Brown, Charles R.; Sethi, Rajni

doi:10.1603/0022-2585-39.1.115

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…26 The abundance of Cx. tarsalis has been positively associated with cliff swallow colonies, 8 and cliff swallows have been identified as a blood meal source for this mosquito species. 27 Culex tarsalis are a competent WNV vector and expectorate a wide range of viral titers (from 10 0.8-3.6 PFU) when feeding or attempting to feed on its host 4 ; the saliva of experimentally inoculated Cx.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…7 This species nests synchronously in large colonies of up to 3,500 active nests, with an average of 3 to 4 nestlings per nest. 5 Colonies are often concentrated within habitats that contain an abundance of mosquitoes, 8 which also comprise a portion of the swallow diet. 9 Therefore, thousands of swallows are potentially exposed to WNV-infected mosquitoes either by blood feeding or ingestion within a given season.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental Infection of Cliff Swallows (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota) with Varying Doses of West Nile Virus

Oesterle¹,

Nemeth²,

VanDalen³

et al. 2009

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Cliff swallows ( Petrochelidon pyrrhonota ) were inoculated with differing doses of West Nile virus (WNV) to evaluate their potential role as reservoir hosts in nature. Swallows often nest in large colonies in habitats and months associated with high mosquito abundance and early WNV transmission in North America. Additionally, cliff swallow diet consists of insects, including mosquitoes, leading to an additional potential route of WNV infection. The average peak viremia titer among infected cliff swallows was 10 6.3 plaque-forming units (PFU)/mL serum and the reservoir competence index was 0.34. There was no correlation between dose and probability of becoming infected or viremia peak and duration. Oral shedding was detected from 2 to 14 days post-inoculation with an average peak titer of 10 4.4 PFU/swab. These results suggest that cliff swallows are competent reservoir hosts of WNV and therefore, they may play a role in early seasonal amplification and maintenance of WNV.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Infection of Cliff Swallows (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota) with Varying Doses of West Nile Virus

Oesterle¹,

Nemeth²,

VanDalen³

et al. 2009

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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show abstract

“…However, aerial photography must be considered as a supplementary source of information (Herbreteau et al, 2005). Classifications of landscape from digital aerial photographs have been scarcely used in veterinary parasitology, with the majority of applications focusing on mosquito surveillance (see for example, Kline andWood, 1988, Brown andSethi, 2002). Fig.…”

Section: Brief History Of Gis and Rsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New insights into the application of geographical information systems and remote sensing in veterinary parasitology

et al. 2006

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IntroductionApplication of geographical information systems (GIS) and remote sensing (RS) in veterinary and human medical sciences, particularly in veterinary and human parasitology, is rapidly advancing. During the past 10-20 years the publication of original research articles and reviews in veterinary and human health with an emphasis on GIS and/or RS has followed an exponential trend (Hendrickx et al., 2004). In addition, recent GIS/RS symposia organized at national and international conferences, and several thematic issues on this topic published in the peer-reviewed international literature (e.g. special theme issues in Advances in Parasitology in 2000and Parassitologia in 2005) demonstrate the wide array of applications and benefits of these tools (Cringoli et al., 2005b). Furthermore, the raised interest about these new technologies is testified by the publication of thematic books pertaining GIS and RS, as well as international peer-reviewed journals, including the current launch of Geospatial Health.The establishment and maintenance of websites as a platform for sharing data, exchanging opinions, experiences and expertise on GIS and RS with an emphasis on animal and public health is also worth mentioning (e.g.http://www.gnosisgis.org; http:// www.gisvet.org).In this review, we first summarize general aspects of GIS and RS, and emphasize the most important applications of these tools in veterinary parasitology, including recent advances in territorial sampling. Disease mapping, spatial statistics, including Bayesian inference, ecological analyses and epidemiological surveillance are summarized in the next section and illustrated with a set of figures. Finally, a set of conclusions is put forward. Abstract. Over the past 10-15 years, significant advances have been made in the development and application of geographical information systems (GIS) and remote sensing (RS). In veterinary sciences, particularly in veterinary parasitology, GIS and RS offer powerful means for disease mapping, ecological analysis and epidemiological surveillance and have become indispensable tools for processing, analysing and visualising spatial data. They can also significantly assist with the assessment of the distribution of health-relevant environmental factors via interpolation and modelling. In this review, we first summarize general aspects of GIS and RS, and emphasize the most important applications of these tools in veterinary parasitology, including recent advances in territorial sampling. Disease mapping, spatial statistics, including Bayesian inference, ecological analyses and epidemiological surveillance are summarized in the next section and illustrated with a set of figures. Finally, a set of conclusions is put forward.

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“…Cliff swallows nest synchronously in large colonies (Brown and Brown 1995) often over water, where some mosquito species (e.g., Culex tarsalis) are relatively abundant (Brown and Sethi 2002). These birds are most likely reservoir competent for WNV in nature (average peak viremia of experimentally inoculated swallow was 10 6.3 PFU/ml serum; Oesterle et al 2009), and in 2003, 22% of cliff swallow nestlings tested oral swab positive for WNV RNA (our unpublished data).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Experimental Exposure of Swallow Bugs (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) to West Nile Virus

Oesterle

Nemeth

Doherty

et al. 2010

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Mosquito Abundance is Correlated with Cliff Swallow (<I>Petrochelidon pyrrhonota</I>) Colony Size

Cited by 15 publications

References 26 publications

Experimental Infection of Cliff Swallows (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota) with Varying Doses of West Nile Virus

Experimental Infection of Cliff Swallows (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota) with Varying Doses of West Nile Virus

New insights into the application of geographical information systems and remote sensing in veterinary parasitology

Experimental Exposure of Swallow Bugs (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) to West Nile Virus

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