Mosquito control in Panama; the eradication of malaria and yellow fever in Cuba and Panama,

Prince, Joseph A. Le; Orenstein, Arbie

doi:10.5962/bhl.title.68423

Cited by 14 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…During the Panamá Canal construction period and through the rst half of the 20 th century, Panamá was considered a model country for the implementation of new malaria treatments and vector control measures [5,6,27,81]. Nowadays, albeit its relative small size and population, as well as bene ting from a sustained economic development over the past decade [8]; the country struggles to control malaria from all of its territory, facing nancial and logistical constraints, re ecting the true neglected status of malaria in a country where more than 90% of malaria cases in the past 10 years have been reported in socially excluded indigenous territories.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During this period ) important discoveries regarding methods for malaria control and treatment were developed and evaluated on the isthmus in seminal longitudinal studies carried out in endemic communities from Panamá [27,[29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42].…”

Section: In 1931 With the Nancial Help Of Various Organization As Unmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On average for the period 1957-1970 there were 3364 malaria cases per year during normal ENSO phase years, a number that increased by 37 and 38% during the Cold and Hot In this respect, the present study has suggested malaria reemergence has been unequivocally related with weakening the Malaria Control Programme, either following funding disruptions, administrative reorganization and other policy changes that form part of structural adjustment programs encouraged by multilateral nancial institutions [59]. For instance, the dissolution of the global eradication campaign in 1969 and the subsequent political neglect of malaria, saw a huge decrease in mosquito control in Panamá investment, dropping from $1.20 per capita per year to just 19 cents [27,60]. Similarly, the decentralization of the Malaria Programme, initiated in 1996, was fully implemented in 2000, and had profound effects.…”

Section: Association Between Malaria Incidence and Enso Eventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long-term transmission patterns and public health policies leading to malaria elimination in Panamá

Hurtado

Cumbrera

Rigg

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract Background: The present study provides a countrywide perspective of the malaria situation in Panama over a long-term framework, with the purpose of identifying historical malaria resurgence events and their potential causes. Methods: A descriptive-ecological study was conducted by analyzing demographic and epidemiological annual malaria time series data in Panamá (1884 – 2019) using several data sources. Malaria intensity indicators were calculated during the study period. We also analyze the effects of El Niño Southern Oscillation on malaria transmission using a retrospective analysis of malaria cases between 1957 and 2019. Results: Several factors were identified responsible for malaria resurgence in Panama, mostly related with Malaria Control Programme weakening. During the past 20 years (2000 – 2019) malaria has progressively increased its prevalence within indigenous settlements, with a predominance of male cases and a high proportion (15% of total cases) in children less than 5 years old. During this period a significant and increasing proportion of the P. falciparum total cases were imported. Our retrospective analysis (1957 - 2019) evidenced that ENSO has a significant impact on malaria transmission dynamics in Panama. Conclusions: Data analysis confirmed that although authorities have been successful in focalizing malaria transmission in the country, there are still neglected issues to be solved and important intercultural barriers that need to be addressed in order to achieve elimination of the disease by 2022. This information will be useful for targeting strategies by the National Malaria Control Programme.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: In 1931 With the Nancial Help Of Various Organization As Unmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Association Between Malaria Incidence and Enso Eventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long-term transmission patterns and public health policies leading to malaria elimination in Panamá

Hurtado

Cumbrera

Rigg

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…[6,7]. Moreover, hospitalizations of Canal workers due to malaria gradually decreased from 82% in 1906 to 8% in 1913 [26]. Nevertheless, malaria control continued to be a challenge throughout the entire canal construction program.…”

Section: -1956 Periodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term Transmission Patterns and Public Health Policies Leading to Malaria Elimination in Panamá

Hurtado

Cumbreras

Rigg

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: The present study provides a countrywide perspective of the malaria situation in Panama over a long-term framework, with the purpose of identifying historical malaria resurgence events and their potential causes.Methods: A descriptive-ecological study was conducted by analyzing demographic and epidemiological annual malaria time series data in Panamá (1884 – 2019) using several data sources. Malaria intensity indicators were calculated during the study period. We also analyze the effects of El Niño Southern Oscillation on malaria transmission using a retrospective analysis of malaria cases between 1957 and 2019.Results: Several factors were identified responsible for malaria resurgence in Panama, mostly related with Malaria Control Programme weakening. During the past 20 years (2000 – 2019) malaria has progressively increased its prevalence within indigenous settlements, with a predominance of male cases and a high proportion (15% of total cases) in children less than 5 years old. During this period a significant and increasing proportion of the P. falciparum total cases were imported. Our retrospective analysis (1957 - 2019) evidenced that ENSO has a significant impact on malaria transmission dynamics in Panama.Conclusions: Data analysis confirmed that although authorities have been successful in focalizing malaria transmission in the country, there are still neglected issues to be solved and important intercultural barriers that need to be addressed in order to achieve elimination of the disease by 2022. This information will be useful for targeting strategies by the National Malaria Control Programme.

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“…Epidemics of yellow fever waned in much of the southern USA [6]; dengue outbreaks ceased in Brisbane [4]; and the Panama Canal, aided by reduced yellow fever transmission following window screening and source reduction programmes targeting Ae. aegypti (as well as malaria vectors), was completed [7].…”

Section: Introduction: the Great Eras Of Vector Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reflections from an old Queenslander: can rear and release strategies be the next great era of vector control?

Ritchie

Staunton

2019

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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In this perspective, I discuss the great eras of vector control, centring on Aedes aegypti , the primary vector of dengue, Zika and several other viruses. Since the discovery and acceptance of the role of mosquitoes as vectors of disease agents, several significant strategies have been developed and deployed to control them and the diseases they transmit. Environmental management, insecticides and, to a lesser extent, biological control have emerged as great eras of vector control. In the past decade, the release of massive numbers of specifically modified mosquitoes that mate with wild populations has emerged as a significant new strategy to fight vector-borne diseases. These reared and released mosquitoes have been modified by the addition of a symbiont (e.g. Wolbachia bacteria), radiation or introduction of a genetic construct to either sterilize the wild mosquitoes they mate with, crashing the population, or to reduce the wild population's capacity to vector pathogens. Will these new rear and release strategies become the next great era of vector control? From my vantage point as a dengue control manager and researcher involved in two Wolbachia programmes, I will discuss the hurdles that rear and release programmes face to gain widespread acceptance and success.

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Mosquito control in Panama; the eradication of malaria and yellow fever in Cuba and Panama,

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Long-term transmission patterns and public health policies leading to malaria elimination in Panamá

Long-term transmission patterns and public health policies leading to malaria elimination in Panamá

Long-term Transmission Patterns and Public Health Policies Leading to Malaria Elimination in Panamá

Reflections from an old Queenslander: can rear and release strategies be the next great era of vector control?

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