Mosquito Defense Strategies against Viral Infection

Cheng, Gong; Liu, Yang; Wang, Penghua; Xiao, Xiaoping

doi:10.1016/j.pt.2015.09.009

Cited by 171 publications

(191 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…Interestingly, while having the potential to cause severe disease in vertebrate hosts, arboviruses replicate to high levels in their mosquito vectors without causing apparent pathology [4,5]. This suggests that vector mosquitoes possess efficient mechanisms to resist or tolerate virus infection, despite lacking the adaptive immune system and interferon-mediated antiviral responses of vertebrates [6]. …”

Section: Small Rnas In Arboviral Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

PIWIs Go Viral: Arbovirus-Derived piRNAs in Vector Mosquitoes

2016

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Vector mosquitoes are responsible for transmission of the majority of arthropod-borne (arbo-) viruses. Virus replication in these vectors needs to be sufficiently high to permit efficient virus transfer to vertebrate hosts. The mosquito immune response therefore is a key determinant for arbovirus transmission. Mosquito antiviral immunity is primarily mediated by the small interfering RNA pathway. Besides this well-established antiviral machinery, the PIWI-interacting RNA (piRNA) pathway processes viral RNA into piRNAs. In recent years, significant progress has been made in characterizing the biogenesis and function of these viral piRNAs. In this review, we discuss these developments, identify knowledge gaps, and suggest directions for future research.

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Section: Small Rnas In Arboviral Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

PIWIs Go Viral: Arbovirus-Derived piRNAs in Vector Mosquitoes

2016

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“…While mosquito-borne viruses are commonly pathogenic to their vertebrate host, biological infection of the insect host has few major pathogenic impacts on the insect host, allowing efficient transmission of the virus by the insect vector [116]. The virus can however have some impact on the mosquito fitness and recent studies indicate that there is an intricate interaction between virus and vector, which can influence vector competence (reviewed in [117]).…”

Section: What Can We Learn From Research On Virus Interactions Witmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of factors can contribute to the control of virus infection within the mosquito host, which in turn impact virus transmission to the vertebrate host. In addition to the mosquito infection barriers [115,117], the mosquito innate immune system includes the intrinsic RNAi pathway and several inducible systems, including Toll, immune deficiency (IMD) and Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathways [116,118,119]. The Drosophila model system has been used to identify many of these antiviral immune pathways [120,121], but interestingly many of the Drosophila viruses can be highly pathogenic to their host.…”

Section: What Can We Learn From Research On Virus Interactions Witmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Virus–Insect Vector Interactions: Current and Potential Future Research Directions

Dietzgen

Mann

Johnson

2016

Viruses

196

142

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Acquisition and transmission by an insect vector is central to the infection cycle of the majority of plant pathogenic viruses. Plant viruses can interact with their insect host in a variety of ways including both non-persistent and circulative transmission; in some cases, the latter involves virus replication in cells of the insect host. Replicating viruses can also elicit both innate and specific defense responses in the insect host. A consistent feature is that the interaction of the virus with its insect host/vector requires specific molecular interactions between virus and host, commonly via proteins. Understanding the interactions between plant viruses and their insect host can underpin approaches to protect plants from infection by interfering with virus uptake and transmission. Here, we provide a perspective focused on identifying novel approaches and research directions to facilitate control of plant viruses by better understanding and targeting virus–insect molecular interactions. We also draw parallels with molecular interactions in insect vectors of animal viruses, and consider technical advances for their control that may be more broadly applicable to plant virus vectors.

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“…The virus transmission occurs in an uninfected human is through the bites of infected mosquitoes. 29 Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes are the primary carriers for DENV transmission to humans by their bites in the urban cycle. In sub-tropical and tropical areas, Aedes aegypti is the primary vector that transmits viruses.…”

Section: Life Cycle Of Denguementioning

confidence: 99%

Current Review on Dengue : Life Cycle of Dengue, Pathophysiology and Diagnosis

Thimma¹,

Vadivelan²,

Sharma³

et al. 2018

J. Pharm. Sci. Innov.

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Dengue is the major health concern in developing countries. Dengue is mainly caused by four serotypes of dengue virus (DENV). Based on the symptoms dengue is classified into febrile fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS). It had become endemic to 128 countries that may occur throughout the year. Dengue virus has two life cycles -sylvatic and urban cycle. These both life cycles occur in primates, mosquitoes and humans. This disease is transmitted generally by Aedes species mosquitoes. Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus are the primary carriers for the dengue transmission. The majorly used diagnostic assays are serology, virus RNA (RiboNucleic Acid) detection, antigen detection and virus detection. In endemic countries dengue is uncontrollable due to unavailability of vaccines and particular antivirals. Protective measures such as larvicide spraying and wearing suitable clothes to prevent mosquito bites can reduce the diseased population. Government, stakeholders and public health system can contribute for awareness programmes to public in endemic countries. Sanofi Pasteur invented dengvaxia used for 9 to 45 years age people can help to reduce the severity of dengue.

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Mosquito Defense Strategies against Viral Infection

Cited by 171 publications

References 89 publications

PIWIs Go Viral: Arbovirus-Derived piRNAs in Vector Mosquitoes

PIWIs Go Viral: Arbovirus-Derived piRNAs in Vector Mosquitoes

Plant Virus–Insect Vector Interactions: Current and Potential Future Research Directions

Current Review on Dengue : Life Cycle of Dengue, Pathophysiology and Diagnosis

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