Mosquito species diversity and abundance in relation to land use in a riceland agroecosystem in Mwea, Kenya

Muturi, Ephantus J.; Shililu, Josephat; Jacob, Benjamin; Gu, Wanyi; Githure, John I.; Novak, Robert J.

doi:10.3376/1081-1710(2006)31[129:msdaai]2.0.co;2

Cited by 69 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…arabiensis is the main vector of malaria in the area and also a potential vector of Bancroftian Þlariasis and OÕnyong-nyong virus, whereas Cx. quinquefasciatus is a potential vector of Bancroftian Þlariasis and several arboviruses (Mutero et al 2004a, Muturi et al 2006. During the second half of the rice growth when the abundance of An.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mosquito Species Succession and Physicochemical Factors Affecting Their Abundance in Rice Fields in Mwea, Kenya

Muturi¹,

Mwangangi

Shililu

et al. 2007

J Med Entomol

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The succession of mosquito species and abiotic factors affecting their distribution and abundance in rice (Oryza spp.) Þelds was investigated over a 16-wk rice growing cycle covering the period between January and May 2006. Fifteen experimental rice plots were sampled for mosquito larvae and characterized based on rice height, number of tillers, ßoating vegetation cover, water depth, water temperature, turbidity, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, total dissolved solids, and conductivity. Microscopic identiÞcation of 3,025 larvae yielded nine mosquito species predominated by Anopheles arabiensis Patton (45.0%), Culex quinquefasciatus Say (35.8%), Anopheles pharoensis Theobald (9.0%) and Ficalbia splendens Theobald (7.1%). Other species, including Anopheles rufipes Gough, Anopheles coustani Laveran, Anonopheles maculipalpis Giles, Culex annulioris Theobald, and Culex poicilipes Theobald made up 3.1% of the total collection. Anopheles gambiae s.l., Cx. quinquefasciatus, and An. pharoensis occurred throughout the cycle, but they were more abundant up to 4 wk posttransplanting with peaks after fertilizer application. As rice plants became established, three groups of mosquitoes were recognized: the Þrst groups included An. rufipes, Fl. splendens, and Cx. annulioris, which occurred throughout much of the second half of the rice cycle, whereas the second group included Cx. poicilipes, which was found in the middle of the rice cycle. An. coustani and An. maculipalpis formed the third group occurring toward the end of the cycle. Dissolved oxygen, number of tillers, and rice height were negatively associated with the abundance of An. arabiensis and Cx. quinquefasciatus larvae. In addition, Cx. quinquefasciatus also was associated with water depth (Ϫve) and turbidity (ϩve). Abundance of An. pharoensis larvae was signiÞcantly associated with water temperature (ϩve), the number of tillers (Ϫve), and rice height (Ϫve), whereas Fl. splendens was signiÞcantly associated with the number of tillers (ϩve). The results demonstrate a complex nature of the interactions between some of the factors in the ecosystem and mosquito species abundance and calls for time-dependent and speciesspeciÞc mosquito control operations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mosquito Species Succession and Physicochemical Factors Affecting Their Abundance in Rice Fields in Mwea, Kenya

Muturi¹,

Mwangangi

Shililu

et al. 2007

J Med Entomol

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“…In rice-growing areas of the African continent, high populations of vector mosquitoes are known to co-exist (Chandler et al 1975a;Snow 1983;Lacey and Lacey 1990;Muturi et al 2006). Although this does not necessarily translate to increased malaria transmission (Ijumba and Lindsay 2001), existing evidence do indicate that rice cultivation increases the risk of lymphatic filariasis (Hunter 1992;Thompson et al 1996;Appawu et al 2001) as well as epidemic arbovirus transmission (Fontenille et al 1998;Diallo et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood-feeding patterns of Culex quinquefasciatus and other culicines and implications for disease transmission in Mwea rice scheme, Kenya

et al. 2008

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Studies were conducted in Mwea Rice Scheme, Kenya during the period April 2005 and January 2007 to determine the host-feeding pattern of culicine mosquitoes. Mosquitoes were collected indoors and outdoors and tested for human, bovine, goat, and donkey blood meals by an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay. A total of 1,714 blood-engorged samples comprising Culex quinquefasciatus Say (96.1%), Culex annulioris Theobald (1.8%), Culex poicilipes Theobald (0.9%), Aedes cuminsi Theobald (1.0%), Aedes taylori Edwards (0.1%), and Mansonia africana Theobald (0.1%) were tested. Except for A. taylori, in which the single blood meal tested was of bovine origin, the other species fed mostly on both bovine (range 73.3-100%) and goats (range 50-100%). Donkeys were also common hosts for all species (range 19.4-23.5%) except A. taylori and M. africana. C. quinquefasciatus was the only species containing human blood meals (0.04), and indoor collected populations of this species had significantly higher frequency of human blood meals (9.8%) compared with outdoor-collected populations (3.0%). Mixed blood feeding was dominant among culicine species comprising 50.0%, 73.3%, 73.5%, 80.6%, and 94.1% of the samples for M. africana, C. poicilipes, C. quinquefasciatus, C. annulioris, and A. cuminsi, respectively. Ten mixed blood meal combinations including a mixture of all the four hosts were observed in C. quinquefasciatus, compared to one blood meal combination for M. Africana, and two combinations for C. poicilipes, C. annulioris, and A. cuminsi. Mixed bovine and goat blood meal was the most common combination among the five culicine species followed by a mixture of donkey, bovine, and goat blood meals. We conclude that culicine species in Mwea are least likely to be vectors of lymphatic filariasis due to their high "preference" for livestock over human hosts, but they present an increased risk for arbovirus transmission particularly Rift Valley Fever virus, in which domestic animals serve as amplification hosts.

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“…The site falls within a region of low stable transmission of the malaria parasite, which infects around 20% of the human population (Mutero et al, 2000). A detailed description of the site has been reported elsewhere (Muturi et al, 2006). The experimental plots were laid out in a 0.4 ha area, which is situated within 100 m of Kariua, a village inhabited mostly by subsistencelevel farmers living in houses with walls constructed of mud or wood.…”

Section: Study Site and Sample Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thorsellia anophelis is the dominant bacterium in a Kenyan population of adult Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes

et al. 2007

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Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes are not known to harbor endosymbiotic bacteria. Here we show, using nucleic acid-based methods, that 16S rRNA gene sequences specific to a recently described mosquito midgut bacterium, Thorsellia anophelis, is predominant in the midgut of adult An. gambiae s.l. mosquitoes captured in residences in central Kenya, and also occurs in the aquatic rice paddy environment nearby. PCR consistently detected T. anophelis in the surface microlayer of rice paddies, which is also consistent with the surface-feeding behavior of A. gambiae s.l. larvae. Phylogenetic analysis of cloned environmental 16S rRNA genes identified four major Thorsellia lineages, which are closely affiliated to an insect endosymbiont of the genus Arsenophonus. Physiological characterizations support the hypothesis that T. anophelis is well adapted to the female anopheline midgut by utilizing blood and tolerating the alkaline conditions in this environment. The results suggest that aquatically derived bacteria such as T. anophelis can persist through mosquito metamorphosis and become well-established in the adult mosquito midgut.

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Mosquito species diversity and abundance in relation to land use in a riceland agroecosystem in Mwea, Kenya

Cited by 69 publications

References 2 publications

Mosquito Species Succession and Physicochemical Factors Affecting Their Abundance in Rice Fields in Mwea, Kenya

Mosquito Species Succession and Physicochemical Factors Affecting Their Abundance in Rice Fields in Mwea, Kenya

Blood-feeding patterns of Culex quinquefasciatus and other culicines and implications for disease transmission in Mwea rice scheme, Kenya

Thorsellia anophelis is the dominant bacterium in a Kenyan population of adult Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes

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