Mosquito Transmission of Equine Encephalomyelitis

Merrill, Malcolm H.; Lacaillade, C. Wm.; Broeck, Carl Ten

doi:10.1126/science.80.2072.251

Cited by 43 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…In North America, EEEV is maintained in enzootic cycles involving birds and a highly ornithophilic nocturnal mosquito Culiseta melanura (Coquillett) (Howard and Wallis 1974). Infections in humans and equines are incidental and usually involve mosquito vectors in the genera, Coquillettidia, Culex, and Aedes (Merrill et al 1934, Davis 1940, Chamberlain et al 1954. Neural invasive disease in humans is very severe, with mortality rates ranging from 50%-90%, and survivors often suffer permanent brain damage (Ayres and Feemster 1949, Morris 1988, Przelomski et al 1988, Deresiewicz et al 1997.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Using Wild White-Tailed Deer to Detect Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus Activity in Maine

Mutebi

Lubelczyk²,

Eisen³

et al. 2011

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

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Serum from 226 free-ranging white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) was screened for Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus (EEEV) antibodies using plaque reduction neutralization tests. EEEV antibodies were detected in 7.1% of samples. This is the first time EEEV antibodies have been detected in O. virginianus populations in the state of Maine (ME). The highest percentage of EEEV positive sera was in Somerset County (19%) in central ME, and this is the first time that EEEV activity has been detected in that County. EEEV RNA was not detected in any of the 150 harvested deer brain samples submitted to the ME Department of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife as a part of screening for Chronic Wasting Disease. This suggests that screening deer brains is not an efficient method to detect EEEV activity. For each serum sample tested, the geographic location in which the deer was harvested was recorded. Significant spatial clustering of antibody-positive sera samples was not detected. Relative to seronegative deer, seropositive deer were slightly more likely to be harvested in nonforested areas compared with forested areas. Results indicate that screening of free-ranging deer sera can be a useful tool for detecting EEEV activity in ME and other parts of North America.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Using Wild White-Tailed Deer to Detect Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus Activity in Maine

Mutebi

Lubelczyk²,

Eisen³

et al. 2011

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

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show abstract

“…However, in all laboratory tests this species has lost every detectable trace of western equine virus in twenty-four hours. 15 It would appear that the recovery of western equine virus from a mosquito of this species, in nature, was an instance of finding a specimen recently engorged on an infected "reservoir" animal, and the virus would probably have disappeared within a few more hours.…”

Section: San Franciscomentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Encephalitis in the Yakima Valley, Washington, 1942

Hammon¹,

Reeves²,

Benner³

et al. 1945

JAMA

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“…The western virus is readily transmitted by the bites of Aedes mgypti L., in which it undergoes multiplication. The eastern virus, on the other hand, is only transmitted with great difficulty, if a t all, by A. cegypti (Merrill, Lacaillade, and TenBroeck, 1934) since the virus is unable to penetrate the intestinal wall of this mosquito (Merrill and TenBroeck, 1935). The eastern strain of equine encephalomyelitis is transmitted especially by salt-marsh mosquitoes such as A .…”

Section: Equine E N C E P H a L O M Y E L I T I Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation in Animal Viruses.: A Review

Findlay

1936

Journal of the Royal Microscopical Society

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Mosquito Transmission of Equine Encephalomyelitis

Cited by 43 publications

References 1 publication

Using Wild White-Tailed Deer to Detect Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus Activity in Maine

Using Wild White-Tailed Deer to Detect Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus Activity in Maine

Human Encephalitis in the Yakima Valley, Washington, 1942

Variation in Animal Viruses.: A Review

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