Mosquitocidal properties of nereistoxin against Anopheles stephensi, Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae)

Abstract

Emergence of resistance among mosquitoes is a recent problem. Safe and eco-friendly agents from biological origins are the need of the hour. Nereistoxin, a naturally occurring substance, was first isolated from the marine annelid Lumbriconereis heteropoda and stored in the freezer. In the present study, the toxicity of nereistoxin was evaluated against vector mosquitoes. The larvicidal, ovicidal and adulticidal activities of nereistoxin were assayed for their toxicity against three important vector mosquitoes, viz., Anopheles stephensi, Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae). The nereistoxin was inversely proportional to the concentration and directly proportional to the mosquitoes. The larvicidal activity after 24 h LC(50) value was observed at 0.467, 0.535 and 0.601 ppm for A. stephensi, A. aegypti and C. quinquefasciatus, respectively. The ovicidal activity after 120 h zero percentage of egg hatchability was observed at a concentration of 0.8 ppm for A. stephensi and 1.0 ppm for A. aegypti and C. quinquefasciatus. The results of the adulticidal activity after 24 h LD(50) value were observed at 0.022, 0.028 and 0.034 ppm for A. stephensi, A. aegypti and C. quinquefasciatus, respectively. The extracted nereistoxin was characterized and identified by ultraviolet, infrared, nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectroscopic methods and high pressure liquid chromatography. These results clearly reveal that the nereistoxin served as a potential larvicidal, ovicidal and adulticidal activity against vector mosquitoes.

Effect of phyto-synthesized silver nanoparticles on developmental stages of malaria vector, Anopheles stephensi and dengue vector, Aedes aegypti

“…No effective drug or vaccine is available so far, but control of mosquito population in their breeding sites may directly contribute as an alternative source to prevent these mosquitoborne diseases [3]. In this respect, different control strategies using synthetic insecticide Lufenuron (Match Ò ) [4], plant extract of Knema attenuata [5], Acalypha alnifolia and microbial insecticide Metarhizium anisopliae [6], essential oils [7], and nereistoxin from marine annelid Lumbriconereis heteropoda [8] have been reported against adult and developmental stages of Aedes, Anopheles and Culex. But these treatments exhibits its default like lower efficacy, development of resistance, chronic effects in non-target organisms and its long-term residual accumulation in the environment, thereby ecological imbalance through food chain and harm cattle and human beings.…”

Studies on larvicidal and pupicidal activity of Leucas aspera Willd. (Lamiaceae) and bacterial insecticide, Bacillus sphaericus, against malarial vector, Anopheles stephensi Liston. (Diptera: Culicidae)

“…Within a column means followed by the same letter(s) are not significantly different at 5% level by DMRT portional to the concentration and directly proportional to the mosquitoes. The larvicidal activity after the 24-h LC50 value was observed at 0.467, 0.535, and 0.601 ppm for A. stephensi, A. aegypti, and C. quinquefasciatus, respectively (Samidurai and Saravanakumar 2011). In the present study, L. aspera whole plant ethanolic extract was of considerable and good larvicidal and pupicidal activity against the malarial vector, A. stephensi.…”

Kandungan Kualitatif Senyawa Metabolit Sekunder Ekstrak Etanol Daun Pandemor (Pemphis acidula J. R. Forst. & G. Forst) Asal Pulau Biak

“…Dalam hubungannya dengan manfaat antibiotik, sifat antibakteri dari tumbuhan P. acidula telah banyak dianalisis yang memberikan hasil positif terhadap beberapa jenis pathogen. Ekstrak methanol, aseton dan benzene simplisia daun P. acidula pada konsentrasi 5% dan 10% diketahui bereaksi positif melawan A. aureus, E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, M. luteus dan R. rhodochrous (Samidurai and Saravanakumar, 2009). Arivuselvan et al (2011) (Untu, 2019).…”