“…The operation scale of NA molecular engineering ranges from molecular level to mesoscale level. As an example of its operation at the molecular level, several positions can be listed: a) structural or conformational re-engineering of native nucleic acids -such as Z-DNA, DNA triplexes, and quadruplexes [13][14][15][16][17]; b) epigenetics-based (for example -alkylation [18]) engineering, assisted by QSAR, and other types of molecular modification of nucleic acids, based on quantitative structureactivity relationships (QSAR) and quantitative structure-property relationships (QSPR) [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27]; c) xenonucleic acid engineering [28][29][30][31][32][33]; d) molecular imprinting and cross-recognition with DNA [34][35][36][37][38] or RNA [39,40], including molecular imprinting in templating processes [41]. e) design of supramolecular bioinorganic NA-based structures [42][43][44][45] and nanomaterials based on such structures [46,47], including planar and layered ones [48,49]; Examples of the transition to the supramolecular level of structure formation within the framework of DNA-mediated organo-inorganic templating include: f) template-directed nucleation and growth of inorganic nanostructures / microstructures [50,…”