Most Frequent Oral Lesions in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Aim: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) is a chronic disease caused by the underproduction of insulin in the organism and it is considered a risk factor to periodontal disease. Materials and methods:This study performed a cross-sectional research on the main oral changes in patients with DM2 and nondiabetics, in Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The sample included 116 patients examined at the Diabetes Outpatient Clinic of the School of Medicine of the University of Passo Fundo (UPF) and 134 nondiabetic patients examined at the Examinations, Triage, and Emergency Sector of the School of Dentistry of UPF. Inclusion criteria for the study were patients over 35-years old, diagnosed with DM2 for more than 2 years. The same criteria were used for the control group, except for the presence of diabetes. Data collected were analyzed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 18.0 for Windows™ software and the Chi-square test at 5% significance. This study showed that, overall, oral lesions were more prevalent in diabetic patients. Results:The stomatological manifestations observed more frequently in such patients were pseudomembranous candidiasis, lichen planus, lingual varices, xerostomia, and prosthetic stomatitis (p > 0.001). Conclusion:Therefore, based on the sample investigated, it is concluded that patients with DM2 present higher prevalence of oral lesions when compared with nondiabetics.

Self-rated health and oral health in type 2 diabetic patients – a case-control study

“…7 Oral pathology is one of the major complications in DM2 patients and, therefore, it is important to intervene early in order to reduce the risk of a future interaction between these pathologies. [8][9][10][11] The emphasis on similarities between determinants of OH and GH is broadly consistent and leads to the conclusion that OH is an integral part of GH. 12 Some studies have identified associations between oral pathology and DM2, 1,8,13,14 and both are associated with a worse perceived GH 15 and worse oralhealth quality of life due to OH manifestations.…”

Oral candidiasis and denture stomatitis in diabetic patients: Systematic review and meta-analysis

“…The methodological analysis of the included articles is presented in Table 3. Six articles were classified as cross-sectional studies 12,28,29,30,31,32 and one was classified as a cohort study. 11 This study 11 was included because the results on oral candidiasis were shown as cross-sectional data.…”

“…Concerning the sample matching, three studies 11,12,30 did not match the samples with sample size, which we considered as a minor problem (+). Moreover, two studies 28,32 did not match the samples with respect to the gender and age of the participants, which was considered a major problem (++).…”

“…In most studies, 11,12,28,30,32 sample calculations were not performed. Thus, to verify whether the sample used was sufficient, we performed Radović et al, 2014 30 Saini et al, 2010 31 Bissong et al, 2015 28 Trentin et al, 2017 32 Obradović et al sample calculations based on the results of a previous studies. 33,34 A calculated sample size of 39 participants was sufficient to detect a 20% difference in prevalence between groups, with a power of 80% (α = 0.05%).…”

Changes in the Alveolar Sprout in the Chronic Phase of Simulated Diabetes Mellitus (for a period of 2 months)

“…Стан гігі-єни порожнини рота у пацієнтів з ЦД в 2,5 рази гірший, ніж у здорових осіб. Для таких пацієнтів характерні подовжені строки загоєння ран після видалення зубів та виконання інших хірургічних втручань, особливо погіршуються процеси регене-рації тканин [4,5].…”