Mother–Infant Hepatitis C Transmission: Second Generation Research

Thomas, Merina

doi:10.1002/hep.510290357

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…To the best of our knowledge, the present series is the largest so far involved in any published study of mother-tochild HCV transmission. However, a recent estimate suggests that at least 800 anti-HCV-positive subjects should be enrolled to demonstrate the statistical relevance of a given predictor of vertical transmission, 27 and so it must be stressed that sample size is a major limitation of all of the studies conducted so far-including our own.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and clinical course of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and rate of HCV vertical transmission in a cohort of 15,250 pregnant women

et al. 2000

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The prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in pregnant women has been extensively investigated, and the frequency of anti-HCV positivity has been reported as ranging from 0.7% to 4.4%, 1-7 with a rate of viremia of 63% to 69%. 5,7,8 However, there are only a few published studies concerning the course of chronic HCV infection during pregnancy, and possible variations in the proportion of HCV-RNA-positive subjects and the pattern of transaminase levels. 9,10 This information could be useful in the clinical management of HCV-infected women both during and after pregnancy.The vertical transmission of HCV has been evaluated in a number of studies and found to range from 0% to the 20% observed in one series, 11 with the overall mean rate being about 5%. 1,7,8,[11][12][13][14][15] However, given the decline in the risk of posttransfusion hepatitis 16,17 and the very low rate of the sexual transmission of HCV, 18 the epidemiological relevance of mother-to-child transmission is expected to increase in the future, and this will have obvious consequences in terms of counseling for pregnant women. Furthermore, controversy still exists concerning the route of HCV vertical transmission (in utero or perinatal) and the possible related risk factors.The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence and natural course of chronic HCV infection in 15,250 consecutive pregnant women, and to estimate the rate of HCV vertical transmission.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and clinical course of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and rate of HCV vertical transmission in a cohort of 15,250 pregnant women

et al. 2000

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“…An HCV-infected infant was defined as an infant who was anti-HCV positive (i.e., EIA-positive with confirmatory RIBA) at 18 months of age or older or who had positive HCV RNA on two occasions. Several serial samples from infants were tested, depending on availability of samples and testing results, since HCV infection often cannot be excluded in infants by one-time testing [11]. However, due to limited availability infant specimens, 18/48 (37.5%) of infants tested had testing at only one time point.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infection with Hepatitis C Virus among HIV-Infected Pregnant Women in Thailand

Jamieson

Skunodom

Chaowanachan

et al. 2008

Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology

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Objective. The purpose of this study was to describe the epidemiology of coinfection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) and HIV among a cohort of pregnant Thai women. Methods. Samples from 1771 pregnant women enrolled in three vertical transmission of HIV studies in Bangkok, Thailand, were tested for HCV. Results. Among HIV-infected pregnant women, HCV seroprevelance was 3.8% and the active HCV infection rate was 3.0%. Among HIV-uninfected pregnant women, 0.3% were HCV-infected. Intravenous drug use by the woman was the factor most strongly associated with HCV seropositivity. Among 48 infants tested for HCV who were born to HIV/HCV coinfected women, two infants were HCV infected for an HCV transmission rate of 4.2% (95% 0.51–14.25%). Conclusions. HCV seroprevalence and perinatal transmission rates were low among this Thai cohort of HIV-infected pregnant women.

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“…Therefore, it is reasonable to reassure pregnant women in whom HCV RNA cannot be detected that the transmission risk is exceedingly low. 18 Although the maternal-infant transmission rate is low, because of the reduction in parenteral transmission, maternal-infant transmission is likely to be a major route of childhood infection. Studies to date have been too small to accurately assess the timing of infection, the importance of genotype, the effect of mode of delivery, and the role of breast-feeding.…”

Section: Summary Of Maternal-infant Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A randomized clinical trial would have to include more than 800 mother-infant pairs to detect a twofold increase in transmission with 80% power. 18 In mothers with HCV infection, HCV RNA has been widely documented in colostrum. However, the risk of HCV transmission by breast-feeding is low in asymptomatic HCV carrier mothers without HIV coinfection.…”

Section: Summary Of Maternal-infant Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission, Natural History, and Treatment of Hepatitis C Virus Infection in the Pediatric Population

Schwimmer¹,

Balistreri²

2000

Semin Liver Dis

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Compared with the adult population, hepatitis C virus infection may differ in the pediatric age group with respect to transmission, course, and response to treatment. The prevalence of hepatitis C in children is between 0.05% and 0.4%. The major mode of acquisition has shifted from parenteral transmission to maternal-infant transmission. However, the actual rate of maternal-infant transmission is low. The natural history of hepatitis C in children is not well characterized, although the available information suggests a milder disease than in adults. In the eight studies of treatment with interferon for hepatitis C in children, the incidence of a complete sustained response varied from 0 to 45%. No pediatric studies have evaluated quality of life or the effect of treatment on the development of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Children may respond better to treatment than adults. We recommend that children with hepatitis C are considered for treatment only as part of a controlled clinical trial.

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Mother–Infant Hepatitis C Transmission: Second Generation Research

Cited by 5 publications

References 10 publications

Prevalence and clinical course of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and rate of HCV vertical transmission in a cohort of 15,250 pregnant women

Prevalence and clinical course of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and rate of HCV vertical transmission in a cohort of 15,250 pregnant women

Infection with Hepatitis C Virus among HIV-Infected Pregnant Women in Thailand

Transmission, Natural History, and Treatment of Hepatitis C Virus Infection in the Pediatric Population

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