Mother-to-Child Signaling through Breast Milk Biomolecules

Röszer, Tamás

doi:10.3390/biom11121743

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In 1929, Marriott and Schoenthal [ 574 ] recommended unsweetened evaporated milk for general use as milk for infants. Due to the vast gap of knowledge of the molecular biology of milk, this historical misinterpretation completely ignored milk’s capacity for epigenetic programming of the infant [ 13 , 14 , 19 , 157 , 463 , 575 , 576 ]. The exaggerated upregulation of FTO (target of miR-30b) and CPT1A (target of miR-148a) in blood monocytes of formula fed infants compared to breastfed controls [ 474 ], clearly shows that formula is unable to meet the appropriate transcriptional and epigenetic axes naturally provided by breastfeeding, which is the gold standard controlled by the human lactation genome.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Milk Exosomal microRNAs: Postnatal Promoters of β Cell Proliferation but Potential Inducers of β Cell De-Differentiation in Adult Life

Melnik

Schmitz

2022

IJMS

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Pancreatic β cell expansion and functional maturation during the birth-to-weaning period is driven by epigenetic programs primarily triggered by growth factors, hormones, and nutrients provided by human milk. As shown recently, exosomes derived from various origins interact with β cells. This review elucidates the potential role of milk-derived exosomes (MEX) and their microRNAs (miRs) on pancreatic β cell programming during the postnatal period of lactation as well as during continuous cow milk exposure of adult humans to bovine MEX. Mechanistic evidence suggests that MEX miRs stimulate mTORC1/c-MYC-dependent postnatal β cell proliferation and glycolysis, but attenuate β cell differentiation, mitochondrial function, and insulin synthesis and secretion. MEX miR content is negatively affected by maternal obesity, gestational diabetes, psychological stress, caesarean delivery, and is completely absent in infant formula. Weaning-related disappearance of MEX miRs may be the critical event switching β cells from proliferation to TGF-β/AMPK-mediated cell differentiation, whereas continued exposure of adult humans to bovine MEX miRs via intake of pasteurized cow milk may reverse β cell differentiation, promoting β cell de-differentiation. Whereas MEX miR signaling supports postnatal β cell proliferation (diabetes prevention), persistent bovine MEX exposure after the lactation period may de-differentiate β cells back to the postnatal phenotype (diabetes induction).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Milk Exosomal microRNAs: Postnatal Promoters of β Cell Proliferation but Potential Inducers of β Cell De-Differentiation in Adult Life

Melnik

Schmitz

2022

IJMS

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“…Exosomal miRNAs function as the gene regulators provided by mammalian lactation. [ 47 ] The developmental patterns of preterm and term infants are different, breast milk exosomal miRNAs may play a regulatory role in the development of preterm infants to adapt their growth trajectory.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Breast Milk Exosomal miRNAs are Influenced by Premature Delivery and Affect Neurodevelopment

Ma,

Huo,

Tang

et al. 2024

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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ScopeThis study investigates the exosomal microRNA (miRNA) profiles of term and preterm breast milk, including the most abundant and differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs, and their impact on neurodevelopment in infants.Methods and ResultsMature milk is collected from the mothers of term and preterm infants. Using high‐throughput sequencing and subsequent data analysis, exosomal miRNA profiles of term and preterm human breast milk (HBM) are acquired and it is found that the let‐7 and miR‐148 families are the most abundant miRNAs. Additionally, 23 upregulated and 15 downregulated miRNAs are identified. MiR‐3168 is the most upregulated miRNA in preterm HBM exosome, exhibiting targeting activity toward multiple genes involved in the SMAD and MAPK signaling pathways and playing a crucial role in early neurodevelopment. Additionally, the effects of miR‐3168 on neurodevelopment is confirmed and it is determined that it is an essential factor in the differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs).ConclusionThis study demonstrates that miRNA expression in breast milk exosomes can be influenced by preterm delivery, thereby potentially impacting neurodevelopment in preterm infants.

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“…Breast milk is undoubtedly the best source of nutrition for an infant and has health benefits for the mother. It ensures the proper development of the immune system, programming of endocrine and metabolic functions (5). Breastfeeding is recommended whenever possible, with or without supplementary feeding, depending on the baby's needs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From an evolutionary and nutritional perspective, exclusive breastfeeding during the first 6 months of life has been recognized as the gold standard of infant nutrition (2). The benefits and indispensability of breastfeeding for the harmonious development of the child have been confirmed by numerous studies (3)(4)(5). Milk promotes optimal growth of the child, including the establishment of circadian rhythms, the production of protective antibodies, and the formation of a healthy gut microbiome (6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case report: Applicability of breastfeeding the child of a patient with kidney failure with replacement therapy

Kondakova

Filat’eva²,

Lobanova³

et al. 2023

Front. Med.

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This case report highlights the benefit or harm of breastfeeding in a patient with Kidney Failure with Replacement Therapy (KFRT) undergoing program hemodialysis. This is a unique clinical case, as pregnancy and successful delivery are rare in this group of females. With a favorable outcome, the possibility of breastfeeding is especially relevant for doctors and the mother. The patient was a 31-year-old female who was diagnosed in 2017 with end-stage renal disease associated with chronic glomerulonephritis. Against the background of hemodialysis, pregnancy, accompanied by polyhydramnios, anemia, and secondary arterial hypertension, occurred in 2021. At 37 weeks, a healthy, full-term baby girl was born, and breastfeeding was started. In this study, we conducted a detailed analysis of toxic substances and immunologically significant proteins using high-tech analysis methods. In addition, we studied different portions of milk before and after hemodialysis at different time intervals. After a wide range of experiments, our study did not reveal an optimal time interval for breastfeeding a baby. Despite the decrease in the level of the major uremic toxins 4 h after the hemodialysis procedure, their level remained high. In addition, the content of nutrients did not reach acceptable limits and the immune status was characterized as pro-inflammatory. In our opinion, breastfeeding is not advisable for this group of patients since the concentration of nutrients is low, and the content of toxic substances exceeds the permissible limits. In this clinical case, the patient decided to stop breastfeeding one month after delivery due to insufficient breast milk and the inability to express it in a certain period of time.

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Mother-to-Child Signaling through Breast Milk Biomolecules

Abstract: Breastfeeding—or lactation—is a unique and defining reproductive trait of mammals that nourishes offspring by supplying nutrient-rich breast milk [...]

Cited by 9 publications

References 19 publications

Milk Exosomal microRNAs: Postnatal Promoters of β Cell Proliferation but Potential Inducers of β Cell De-Differentiation in Adult Life

Milk Exosomal microRNAs: Postnatal Promoters of β Cell Proliferation but Potential Inducers of β Cell De-Differentiation in Adult Life

Human Breast Milk Exosomal miRNAs are Influenced by Premature Delivery and Affect Neurodevelopment

Case report: Applicability of breastfeeding the child of a patient with kidney failure with replacement therapy

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