Mother to infant transmission of coinfection by human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus: prevalence and clinical manifestations

Nigro, Giovanni; D’Orio, F.; Catania, Salvatore; Badolato, M. C.; Livadiotti, Susanna; Bernardi, Stefania; D’Argenio, Patrizia

doi:10.1007/s007050050091

Cited by 15 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…HIV-infected populations are more likely to have HCV coinfections than HIV-uninfected populations [6,7]. The rate of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HCV among women without HIV infection is between 3.5% and 5.0% per pregnancy [8][9][10][11][12][13][14].…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Many of the initial studies that established higher rates of MTCT of HCV among HIV-coinfected women were performed before the widespread availability of highly active antiretroviral (ARV) therapy (HAART), when women were more likely to remain severely immunocompromised during pregnancy [15,[22][23][24][25]. Fewer studies have examined the rates of MTCT of HCV among HIV-coinfected women with well-controlled HIV disease [7]. Acquisition of HCV infection through MTCT has become a major source of pediatric infection [26,27].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Mother-to-Child Transmission of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Among HIV/HCV-Coinfected Women

Cabot

Stoszek

Quarleri

et al. 2012

Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society

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Background. Maternal human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection has been associated with increased hepatitis C virus (HCV) mother-to-child transmission (MTCT). We hypothesized that HCV/HIVcoinfected women with well-controlled HIV disease would not have increased HCV MTCT. Methods. The NISDI Perinatal and LILAC cohorts enrolled HIV-infected pregnant women and their infants in Latin America and the Caribbean. This substudy evaluated the HCV infection status of mothers at participating sites and their live born, singleton infants who had a 6-month postnatal visit by December 31, 2008. Mothers who were anti-HCV-positive, or who had CD4 counts (cells/mm 3 ) <200 with detectable HCV RNA, were considered HCV-infected. All HCV-infected women were tested for HCV RNA. Infants with HCV RNA were considered HCV-infected. Results. Of 1042 enrolled women, 739 (71%) mother-infant pairs met the inclusion criteria. Of the 739 women, 67 (9%) were anti-HCV-positive and 672 anti-HCV-negative [68 (10%) with CD4 counts <200; of these, 3 (4.4%) were HCV RNA-positive]. Therefore, our study population comprised 70 HCV-infected (47 with HCV RNA) and 669 HCV-uninfected women (and their infants). Factors associated with maternal HCV infection included unemployment (odds ratio [OR] = 2.58

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confidence: 99%

Mother-to-Child Transmission of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Among HIV/HCV-Coinfected Women

Cabot

Stoszek

Quarleri

et al. 2012

Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society

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“…30,31,38,40 Dual virus transmission has been reported in 4% to 10% of children born to HIV/HCV-coinfected mothers. 13,30,36,38,39 HCV RNA levels are hypothesized to be higher among women coinfected with HIV than in those infected with HCV alone, which could account, in part, for the increased risk of MTCT of HCV from HIV/HCV-coinfected women; however, not all studies have found higher levels of HCV viremia among HIV-infected mothers. 24,31,35 One European study suggested that perinatal transmission of HCV may be reduced in HIV-infected women receiving combination antiretroviral therapy (cART).…”

Section: Hepatitis C Virus (Last Updated November 6 2013; Last Reviementioning

confidence: 99%

Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Opportunistic Infections in HIV-Exposed and HIV-Infected Children

Siberry

Abzug

Nachman

et al. 2013

Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

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“…TTV or GBV-C transmissions are not influenced by HCV maternal co-infection [Palomba et al, 1999;Ohto et al, 2002]. Few studies focused on vertical transmission of HIV-1-HCV dual infection, reporting that vertical transmission of HIV-1-HCV dual infection occurs less frequently than transmission of HIV-1 or HCV alone [Nigro et al, 1997;Tovo et al, 1997].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mother‐to‐infant transmission of multiple blood‐borne viral infections from multi‐infected mothers

Indolfi

Moriondo

Galli

et al. 2007

Journal of Medical Virology

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Infants born from mothers with multiple blood-borne viral infections are at risk of multiple transmissions. Whether the risk of transmission of multiple infections increases with the number of viruses infecting the mother is still unknown. The aim of this study was to describe the risk of mother-to-infant transmission of multiple infections from multi-infected mothers. Sixty-four pregnant women infected by at least two viruses among human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1), hepatitis C virus, TT virus, and GB virus type C, together with their 64 infants, were studied. Maternal blood samples were collected in the third trimester of pregnancy and all infants were prospectively followed for evaluation of transmission within 3 months after birth and two times in the subsequent 24 months. Transmission of single and of dual infection from mothers infected by two viruses was, respectively, 10/40 (25%) and 5/40 (12.5%) and from mothers infected by three viruses 9/20 (45%) and 2/20 (10%). One (25%) infant infected by one virus was born from the four mothers infected by four viruses. Transmission of single or dual infection was not significantly associated with the number of viruses infecting the mother (P = 0.9) in the linear regression analysis. Present study suggests the absence of a synergistic effect from viral interactions toward mother-to-infant transmission of multiple infections and supports the hypothesis that transmission from multi-infected mothers is the result of the specific interaction between each virus and the host. These observations may be of clinical relevance in perinatal counseling.

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Mother to infant transmission of coinfection by human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus: prevalence and clinical manifestations

Cited by 15 publications

References 14 publications

Mother-to-Child Transmission of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Among HIV/HCV-Coinfected Women

Mother-to-Child Transmission of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Among HIV/HCV-Coinfected Women

Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Opportunistic Infections in HIV-Exposed and HIV-Infected Children

Mother‐to‐infant transmission of multiple blood‐borne viral infections from multi‐infected mothers

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