Mothers, Fathers, and Peers as Socialization Agents of Sex-typed Play Behaviors in Young Children

Langlois, Judith H.; Downs, A. Chris

doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1980.tb02675.x

Cited by 82 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 19 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Descriptive research has shown that gendertyped play may be differentially reinforced and punished in early child-care settings (see Fagot & Patterson, 1969;Serbin, O'Leary, Kent, & Tonick, 1973), and experimental research has shown that social contingencies and context (e.g., presence of a teacher, peer, or model) can affect the rates of gender-typed play (e.g., Green, Bigler, & Catherwood, 2004;Langlois & Downs, 1980). Related research in education has found differential (a) gender-role depictions of female and male characters in children's stories (e.g., Hitchcock & Tompkins, 1987;Nibbelink, Stockdale, & Mangru, 1986) and educational computer software (e.g., see McNair, Kirova-Petrova, & Bhargava, 2001), (b) portrayals of female and male roles in elementary, secondary, and college textbooks (e.g., the exclusion of biographies offemale scientists, gender bias; see Hulme, 1988;Kleinman, 1998;Sadker &.…”

Section: Culturally Based Disparitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in women’s participation at the meetings of the Association for Behavior Analysis: 1975–2005

2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We examined women's participation, relative to men's, at the annual meetings of the Association for Behavior Analysis (ABA) between 1975 and 2005. Among our findings are upward trends in female presenters across formats (e.g., posters), types of authorship (e.g., first authors), and specialty areas (e.g., autism). Where women have attained parity, however, they are still often underrepresented, given their percentage of membership. Women also participate less than men as sole and invited authors and discussants and in the domains of basic research and conceptual analysis, but participate more than men in the applied domain. Data from the Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior and the Journal of Applied Behavior Analysisshow parallel but delayed trends toward parity in basic and applied research, whereas data from The Behavior Analyst show only modest gains in the conceptual domain. We discuss the gender disparities in ABA's more prestigious categories of participation (e.g., invited addresses) and across its content domains, as well as in science in general, and the role of social and cultural factors in producing the disparities and how behavior analysts might aid in correcting them.

show abstract

Section: Culturally Based Disparitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in women’s participation at the meetings of the Association for Behavior Analysis: 1975–2005

2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Rather than finding variation in gender-related behavior attributable to parental influence, they may have found variation in parental attitudes toward their children's gender (a type of rater bias). This is especially likely because effects were stronger in boys, and American parents are more concerned, and have stronger views, about their sons' than their daughters' gender-appropriate behavior (Fagot 1977, Langlois & Downs 1980.…”

Section: The Developmental Course Of Gendermentioning

confidence: 99%

The Early Development of Gender Differences

McIntyre

Edwards

2009

Annu. Rev. Anthropol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This article reviews findings from anthropology, psychology, and other disciplines about the role of biological factors in the development of sex differences in human behavior, including biological theories, the developmental course of sex differences, and the interaction of biological and cultural gendering processes at different ages. Current evidence suggests that major biological influences on individual differences in human gender, to the extent that they exist, operate primarily in early development, during and especially prior to puberty. Biological effects are likely to be mediated by relatively simple processes, like temperament, which are then elaborated through social interactions (as with mother and peers) into more complex gendered features of adult personality. Biological anthropologists and psychologists interested in gender should direct more attention to understanding how social processes influence the development and function of the reproductive endocrine system.

show abstract

“…There is extensive evidence (DeLucia, 1963;Block 1980;Langlois and Downs, 1980) They simplify a complex social world, and can offer young children a dependable set of guidelines to steer them through some of early life's many uncertainties.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Training Parents to Manage Difficult Children: A Comparison of Methods

Sutton

1992

Behav. Psychother.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study examined the efficacy of training paz'ents in skills of child management. The parents had all sought help in coping with their pre-sohool children, and under. stood that training would be based upon social learning! behavioural principles.A pilot study, which compared the progress of five children visited at home and six whose parents were in weekly telephone contact with the author, gave encouraging results. Thirty seven children, six girls and thirty one boys, were then randomly allocated to one of four methods of training: group, home visit, telephone or waiting list! delayed intervention control. Participants in the three active intervention conditions were assessed pre-and postintervention. Participants in the waiting list/delayed intervention condition were assessed before and after an eight-weeks waiting period; they were then randomly reallocated to one of the three active intervention methods. Seven children were lost during the study, leaving thirty.Results indicated clinical improvement for all three active intervention conditions compared to the waiting list control condition. There were no significant differences between any of the three active intervention methods, either at post-intervention or at twelve to eighteen months follow-up. The results are discussed in terms of their theoretical and practical implications.iii CONTENTS

show abstract

Mothers, Fathers, and Peers as Socialization Agents of Sex-typed Play Behaviors in Young Children

Cited by 82 publications

References 19 publications

Trends in women’s participation at the meetings of the Association for Behavior Analysis: 1975–2005

Trends in women’s participation at the meetings of the Association for Behavior Analysis: 1975–2005

The Early Development of Gender Differences

Training Parents to Manage Difficult Children: A Comparison of Methods

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About