Mothers Frequent Caves: Lactation Affects Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes verus) Cave Use in Southeastern Senegal

Ontl, Kelly Boyer; Pruetz, Jill D.

doi:10.1007/s10764-020-00165-4

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…In the early wet season at Fongoli, when temperature and humidity are high, chimpanzees routinely submerge the lower portions of their bodies in shallow pools of water while drinking and soaking 30 . Savanna chimpanzees seek refuge from soaring dry season temperatures in caves and rock shelters in Mali (Bafing: J. Moore, personal communication) and Senegal (Study sites: Bagnomba, 85 Dindefelo, 140 Drambos, 141 Fongoli 134 ). Finally, chimpanzees in savannas appear to allocate time to feeding, traveling, drinking, bathing, and socializing activities during the night, when temperatures are lower 142,143 .…”

Section: Landscape Conditions and Potential Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) in savanna landscapes

Lindshield

Hernández‐Aguilar

Korstjens

et al. 2021

Evolutionary Anthropology

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Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) are the only great apes that inhabit hot, dry, and open savannas. We review the environmental pressures of savannas on chimpanzees, such as food and water scarcity, and the evidence for chimpanzees' behavioral responses to these landscapes. In our analysis, savannas were generally associated with low chimpanzee population densities and large home ranges. In addition, thermoregulatory behaviors that likely reduce hyperthermia risk, such as cave use, were frequently observed in the hottest and driest savanna landscapes. We hypothesize that such responses are evidence of a “savanna landscape effect” in chimpanzees and offer pathways for future research to understand its evolutionary processes and mechanisms. We conclude by discussing the significance of research on savanna chimpanzees to modeling the evolution of early hominin traits and informing conservation programs for these endangered apes.

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Section: Landscape Conditions and Potential Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) in savanna landscapes

Lindshield

Hernández‐Aguilar

Korstjens

et al. 2021

Evolutionary Anthropology

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“…Vink et al (2020) continue this effort by measuring party sizes using three different methods for unhabituated individuals, including counts from direct observations, nest sites, and camera trap videos. Two additional studies in this issue use camera traps as an adjunct observational method (Boyer Ontl andLapuente et al 2020b).…”

Section: Summary Of the Special Issuementioning

confidence: 99%

Introduction to the Special Issue on Savanna Chimpanzees

2020

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“…Both populations also demonstrated a positive relationship between stress hormones and physiological markers of dehydration, but this relationship was stronger at Taï, which suggests the Fongoli chimpanzees are employing behavioral adaptations to overcome dehydration in savannah environments. One such adaptation includes the use of caves, which is thought to assist in thermoregulation and prevent further water loss (Boyer Ontl & Pruetz 2020). These results highlight the complex relationship between ecology, social structure, and hydration in chimpanzees.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drinking frequency in wild lactating chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) and their offspring

Nelson

Lonsdorf

Terio

et al. 2022

American J Primatol

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Maintaining water balance is essential for organismal health, and lactating females must balance individual needs with milk production and offspring hydration. Primate milk is dilute and presumed to be the primary source for infant hydration for a considerable time period. Few studies have investigated the hydration burden that lactation may place on female primates. In this study, we investigated sources of variation in female and offspring drinking frequency among wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). We hypothesized females would experience seasonal and lactation hydration burdens and adjust their drinking behavior to accommodate these, but this hydration burden would vary between females of different dominance ranks. We also predicted that parity would relate to maternal drinking frequency since primiparous females are still investing in their own growth. Finally, we predicted that offspring would drink more in the dry season and as they aged and lost milk as a water source, but that offspring of high-ranking females would be buffered from these effects. Using 41 years of long-term data on the behavior of mothers and offspring of Gombe National Park, we found that mothers drank more in the dry season, but there was no significant difference between mothers of different ranks during this period. Low-ranking females drank significantly more than mid-and highranking females during late lactation. Offspring also drank more in the dry season and as they aged, but there was no evidence of buffering for those with high-ranking mothers. While chimpanzees in our study population drank infrequently, they do demonstrate noticeable shifts in drinking behavior that suggests seasonal and reproductive hydration burdens.

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Mothers Frequent Caves: Lactation Affects Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes verus) Cave Use in Southeastern Senegal

Cited by 6 publications

References 57 publications

Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) in savanna landscapes

Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) in savanna landscapes

Introduction to the Special Issue on Savanna Chimpanzees

Drinking frequency in wild lactating chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) and their offspring

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