Motile Tubular Vacuole Systems

Ashford, A. E.; Cole, Louise; Hyde, Geoffrey J.

doi:10.1007/978-3-662-06101-5_12

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 217 publications

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“…The presence of this system of vacuoles may be ubiquitous in fungal hyphae . The abundance of tubular vacuoles in the tips of P. fortinii hyphae also agrees with observations made with other fungal species (Shepherd et al 1993;Cole et al 1998;Ashford et al 2001;Ashford and Allaway 2002). The presence of elongated and spherical vacuoles in P. fortinii, particularly in regions distal to the hyphal tip, also agrees with previous work with other fungi (see Ashford et al 2001 and papers therein).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…There is substantial evidence that a tubular vacuolar system exists in hyphae of mycorrhizal and other fungal species (Shepherd et al 1993;Rees et al 1994;Ashford et al 2001;Allaway and Ashford 2001;Uetake et al 2002), but this has not been shown for P. fortinii or other dark septate root endophytes. Similarly, it is well documented that P is concentrated as polyphosphate in hyphae of mycorrhizal fungi and is likely translocated in this form via the tubular vacuolar system Cole et al 1998;Ashford et al 1999;Ashford and Allaway 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Vacuolar localization of phosphorus in hyphae ofPhialocephala fortinii, a dark septate fungal root endophyte

Saito¹,

Kuga-Uetake²,

Saitô³

et al. 2006

Can. J. Microbiol.

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Phialocephala fortinii is a dark septate fungal endophyte that colonizes roots of many host species. Its effect on plant growth varies from being pathogenic to beneficial. The basic biology of this species has received little research, and thus the main objectives of this study were to determine cytological features of hyphae, including the nature of the vacuolar system, and whether polyphosphate was present in vacuoles. Both living hyphae and hyphae that had been rapidly frozen and freeze substituted before embedding were studied. A complex system of vacuoles, including a motile tubular vacuolar system, elongated vacuoles, and spherical vacuoles, was demonstrated in living hyphae by the fluorescent probe Oregon Green 488 carboxylic acid diacetate, using laser scanning confocal microscopy. The motile tubular vacuolar system was more prevalent at the hyphal tip than in more distal regions, whereas elongated vacuoles and spherical vacuoles were more abundant distal to the tip. All vacuoles contained polyphosphate as shown by labelling embedded samples with recombinant polyphosphate binding domain of Escherichia coli exopolyphosphatase, containing Xpress tag at the N-terminal end, followed by anti-Xpress antibody and a secondary antibody conjugated either to a fluorescent probe for laser scanning confocal microscopy or colloidal gold for transmission electron microscopy. The polyphosphate was dispersed in vacuoles. This was confirmed by staining embedded samples with 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole and viewing with UV light using epifluorescence microscopy. These cytological methods showed that the tubular vacuolar system had lower concentrations of polyphosphate than the spherical vacuoles. Lipid bodies were present around vacuoles.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Vacuolar localization of phosphorus in hyphae ofPhialocephala fortinii, a dark septate fungal root endophyte

Saito¹,

Kuga-Uetake²,

Saitô³

et al. 2006

Can. J. Microbiol.

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“…Vacuoles are thought to ameliorate deleterious eVects of heavy metals by sequestering the ions and mitochondria to induce apoptotic cell death in their presence (Hall, 2002;Hamatake et al, 2000;Jiang et al, 2001). Both organelles are motile, pleiomorphic structures that readily form reticula and undergo morphological changes by fusion-Wssion processes (Ashford et al, 2001;Shaw and Nunnari, 2002;Shepherd et al, 1993a;YaVe, 1999). Fungal vacuoles are very sensitive to changes in the external environment ) and respond to a whole range of cell perturbing factors by loss of both their motility and tubularity (Cole et al, 2000;Hyde et al, 1999Hyde et al, , 2002.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Changes in vacuolar and mitochondrial motility and tubularity in response to zinc in a Paxillus involutus isolate from a zinc-rich soil

Tuszyńska

Davies

Turnau

et al. 2006

Fungal Genetics and Biology

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“…Secretion of amyloglucosidase from Aspergillus niger (6) and that of ligninase from Phanerochaete chrysosporium (7) have been shown to take place through hyphal tips. Vacuoles, as multifunctional organelles, have long been known to be involved in storage, lysis, and homeostasis (8, 9). They are also shown as dynamic organelles involved in molecular exchanges and transport (9, 10).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vacuoles, as multifunctional organelles, have long been known to be involved in storage, lysis, and homeostasis (8, 9). They are also shown as dynamic organelles involved in molecular exchanges and transport (9, 10).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secretion of Cellobiase Is Mediated via Vacuoles in Termitomyces clypeatus

Mukherjee

Khowala

2002

Biotechnology Progress

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The majority of cellobiase activity in Termitomyces clypeatus was localized in vacuolar fractions of the fungus under secretory and nonsecretory conditions of growth. Activities of marker proteins for subcellular organelles, e.g., vacuoles, cytosol, ER, and mitochondria, in mycelial extracts from the secreting conditions increased by approximately 20, 12, 5, and 2.5 times, respectively, as compared to those obtained from mycelium grown in nonsecreting conditions. The average size and concentration of vacuoles visualized by electron microscopy were also increased in secreting conditions in the fungus. The specific activity of cellobiase in vacuoles isolated in Ficoll-sucrose gradient, as obtained from mycelial growth in secretory medium, was more than 40 times higher in comparison to that found from nonsecretory medium. The results indicated that subcellular localization of cellobiase in vacuoles is regulated by the cellular signaling prevailing in the fungus. Mycelial extraction of intracellular proteins by hand grinding and by bead-beater from cells frozen in the presence or absence of liquid nitrogen was also compared. Maximum recovery of intracellular protein was obtained with the bead-beater under aerobic conditions in the absence of nitrogen. Highest recovery of vacuoles up to 85% was obtained by single-step ultracentrifugation of the mycelial extract of the fungus in Ficoll-sucrose gradient. The method appeared to be useful for separation of other subcellular organelles in filamentous fungi.

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Motile Tubular Vacuole Systems

Cited by 11 publications

References 217 publications

Vacuolar localization of phosphorus in hyphae ofPhialocephala fortinii, a dark septate fungal root endophyte

Vacuolar localization of phosphorus in hyphae ofPhialocephala fortinii, a dark septate fungal root endophyte

Changes in vacuolar and mitochondrial motility and tubularity in response to zinc in a Paxillus involutus isolate from a zinc-rich soil

Secretion of Cellobiase Is Mediated via Vacuoles in Termitomyces clypeatus

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