Purpose
To develop an efficient distortion‐ and blurring‐free multi‐shot EPI technique for time‐resolved multiple‐contrast and/or quantitative imaging.
Methods
EPI is a commonly used sequence but suffers from geometric distortions and blurring. Here, we introduce a new multi‐shot EPI technique termed echo planar time‐resolved imaging (EPTI), which has the ability to rapidly acquire distortion‐ and blurring‐free multi‐contrast data set. The EPTI approach performs encoding in ky‐t space and uses a new highly accelerated spatio–temporal CAIPI sampling trajectory to take advantage of signal correlation along these dimensions. Through this acquisition and a B0‐informed parallel imaging reconstruction, hundreds of “time‐resolved” distortion‐ and blurring‐free images at different TEs across the EPI readout window can be created at sub‐millisecond temporal increments using a small number of EPTI shots. Moreover, a method for self‐estimation and correction of shot‐to‐shot B0 variations was developed. Simultaneous multi‐slice acquisition was also incorporated to further improve the acquisition efficiency.
Results
We evaluated EPTI under varying simulated acceleration factors, B0‐inhomogeneity, and shot‐to‐shot B0 variations to demonstrate its ability to provide distortion‐ and blurring‐free images at multiple TEs. Two variants of EPTI were demonstrated in vivo at 3T: (1) a combined gradient‐ and spin‐echo EPTI for quantitative mapping of T2, T2*, proton density, and susceptibility at 1.1 × 1.1 × 3 mm3 whole‐brain in 28 s (0.8 s/slice), and (2) a gradient‐echo EPTI, for multi‐echo and quantitative T2* fMRI at 2 × 2 × 3 mm3 whole‐brain at a 3.3 s temporal resolution.
Conclusion
EPTI is a new approach for multi‐contrast and/or quantitative imaging that can provide fast acquisition of distortion‐ and blurring‐free images at multiple TEs.