Motivating future directions of behavioral medicine

Nigg, Claudio R.; Jake‐Schoffman, Danielle E.; Janke, E. Amy

doi:10.1007/s10865-016-9817-8

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Importantly, we followed participants until 6 months after the start of their weight loss intervention. As weight regain is one of the biggest problems in weight loss treatment (Ikeda et al, 2005 ), it would be interesting to continue to monitor participants after finishing the treatment, to examine the potential role of executive function and delay discounting in the maintenance of weight loss (Gettens & Gorin, 2017 ). It has been suggested that self-regulation becomes even more important when the intensive treatment ends, as the external regulation coming from the treatment program also ends at this point (Halberstadt et al, 2013 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on current results, behavioral inhibition can differentiate between obese and healthy weight individuals, while behavioral working memory predicts weight loss. Thus, the impact of specific executive functions may differ between different weight-related behaviors (Gettens & Gorin, 2017 ), and future research should distinguish between the role of each facet of executive function in weight gain and weight loss, as this would have different implications for which facets of executive function are important for prevention of obesity, and which facets would be important for intervention. Based on the current results, it would be interesting for future studies to explore whether adding a cognitive screening at the start of a weight loss trajectory could be an objective way to identify individuals who might benefit from additional executive function training to facilitate optimal weight.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Self-regulation and obesity: the role of executive function and delay discounting in the prediction of weight loss

et al. 2018

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Obesity rates are rising worldwide. Executive function and delay discounting have been hypothesized to play important roles in the self-regulation of behavior, and may explain variance in weight loss treatment success. First, we compared individuals with obesity (n = 82) to healthy weight controls (n = 71) on behavioral and self-report measures of executive function (working memory, inhibition and shifting) and delay discounting. Secondly, the individuals with obesity took part in a multidisciplinary weight loss program and we examined whether executive function and delay discounting predicted weight change. Individuals with obesity displayed weaker general and food-specific inhibition, and weaker self-reported executive function. Better behavioral working memory and better self-reported inhibition skills in daily life were predictive of greater weight loss. As findings are correlational, future studies should investigate the causal relationship between executive function and weight loss, and test whether intervening on executive function will lead to better prevention and treatment of obesity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-regulation and obesity: the role of executive function and delay discounting in the prediction of weight loss

et al. 2018

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“…This suggests that negative information about PrEP including medical mistrust and conspiracy theories about its use may play a role in patients’ decision-making. For example, HIV positive Latino men (N = 208–61% Gay, 15% Bisexual, 22% Straight) reported that perceived discrimination based on being Latino and/or HIV positive was significantly associated with lower levels of HIV medication adherence [ 22 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MSM in general have been reluctant to consider PrEP for multiple reasons including the required daily pill regimen [ 8 , 9 ], costs associated with PrEP [ 8 – 15 ], and the medication’s long-term health effects [ 8 – 11 , 13 – 19 ]. MSM of color (e.g., Latino, Black) in particular have expressed a lack of trust of the medical community [ 16 , 19 – 22 ], which hinders efforts in promoting PrEP among populations at greatest risk of HIV exposure. Additionally, health care providers also express concerns about patient medication adherence, side effects, and continued engagement in high-risk behaviors among MSM [ 7 , 9 , 23 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PrEP awareness and decision-making for Latino MSM in San Antonio, Texas

García

Harris

2017

PLoS ONE

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Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) has been promoted among high-risk populations as an effective HIV biomedical intervention. However, limited research is available on the significance of culturally informed biomedical interventions for Latino MSM. A total of 159 self-administered Internet surveys were completed by Latino MSM ages 21–30 in San Antonio, Texas. The purpose of this research was to develop an instrument that measured Latino MSM attitudes and beliefs towards PrEP, identify associations between demographic factors and PrEP related factors and to suggest culturally appropriate strategies for the promotion of PrEP among the Latino MSM population. Research findings revealed implications for PrEP at the structural and individual level for Latino MSM. Structural level indicators emphasized the importance for raising PrEP awareness among Latino MSM in regards to PrEP related expenses, ameliorating stigmatization of high-risk populations, enhancing access to PrEP informed medical providers, and address mistrust of the government and medical providers role on addressing health disparities among Latino MSM. Overall, the findings for individual factors emphasize the need for patient-centered interventions for Latino MSM. Latino MSM currently on PrEP require supplemental resources to enhance PrEP adherence. Latino MSM not on PrEP require alternate options for PrEP delivery and/or cognitive behavioral approaches minimizing HIV risk behavior for Latino MSM concerned with PrEP toxicity, which may require non-biomedical interventions. Integration of Latino MSM currently on PrEP as peer educators provides a valuable resource for developing culturally informed PrEP interventions for Latino MSM. Peer educators are able to share their experiential knowledge of PrEP contextualized through cultural norms, beliefs, and values.

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“…Our study focused on cigarettes because the literature was sufficiently large to support a systematic review. 2 Reviewing how people think about chemicals in other tobacco products was beyond our scope, and this new literature was too small to support a systematic review.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%