“…For example, children who feel well at school, compared to children who do not feel well at school, are more enthusiastic in participating at classroom activities, try harder, usually succeed, and, thus, become more confident about their school abilities (Ladd, Birch, & Bush, 1999;Mashburn, Hamre, Downer, & Pianta, 2006;Skinner, Wellborn, & Connell, 1990;Stephanou, 2005, submitted;Stipek, 1998). Also, positive emotions, such as curiosity, enjoyment, hope and pride, enhance motivation, facilitate learning and increase performance (Clore & Huntsinger, 2009;Meyer & Turner, 2002, Pekrun et al, 2002Stephanou, 2007Stephanou, , 2011b, whereas, intense negative emotions, such as anxiety, hopelessness, boredom and insecurity, and related thoughts, like a feeling of incompetent, interface with learning, decrease motivation, and is related to low performance (Kuyper, van der Werf, & Lubbers, 2000;Pekrun, 2005, Pekrun & Schutz, 2007Pekrun et al, 2010;Zeidner, 2007).…”