Motivation to change alcohol use and treatment engagement in incarcerated youth

Clair, Mary; Stein, L. A. R.; Martin, Rosemarie A.; Barnett, Nancy P.; Colby, Suzanne M.; Monti, Peter M.; Golembeske, Charles; Lebeau, Rebecca

doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2011.01.007

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Subjects circled a single number on a pictorial ladder with rungs from 0 ( No thought of changing ) to 10 ( Taking action to change ) to indicate motivation to change their drinking. This type of measure has been used to assess motivation to change alcohol use in previous research [36,37]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

When wanting to change is not enough: automatic appetitive processes moderate the effects of a brief alcohol intervention in hazardous-drinking college students

Ostafin

Palfai

2012

Addict Sci Clin Pract

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BackgroundResearch indicates that brief motivational interventions are efficacious treatments for hazardous drinking. Little is known, however, about the psychological processes that may moderate intervention success. Based on growing evidence that drinking behavior may be influenced by automatic (nonvolitional) mental processes, the current study examined whether automatic alcohol-approach associations moderated the effect of a brief motivational intervention. Specifically, we examined whether the efficacy of a single-session intervention designed to increase motivation to reduce alcohol consumption would be moderated by the strength of participants’ automatic alcohol-approach associations.MethodsEighty-seven undergraduate hazardous drinkers participated for course credit. Participants completed an Implicit Association Test to measure automatic alcohol-approach associations, a baseline measure of readiness to change drinking behavior, and measures of alcohol involvement. Participants were then randomly assigned to either a brief (15-minute) motivational intervention or a control condition. Participants completed a measure of readiness to change drinking at the end of the first session and returned for a follow-up session six weeks later in which they reported on their drinking over the previous month.ResultsCompared with the control group, those in the intervention condition showed higher readiness to change drinking at the end of the baseline session but did not show decreased drinking quantity at follow-up. Automatic alcohol-approach associations moderated the effects of the intervention on change in drinking quantity. Among participants in the intervention group, those with weak automatic alcohol-approach associations showed greater reductions in the amount of alcohol consumed per occasion at follow-up compared with those with strong automatic alcohol-approach associations. Automatic appetitive associations with alcohol were not related with change in amount of alcohol consumed per occasion in control participants. Furthermore, among participants who showed higher readiness to change, those who exhibited weaker alcohol-approach associations showed greater reductions in drinking quantity compared with those who exhibited stronger alcohol-approach associations.ConclusionsThe results support the idea that automatic mental processes may moderate the influence of brief motivational interventions on quantity of alcohol consumed per drinking occasion. The findings suggest that intervention efficacy may be improved by utilizing implicit measures to identify those who may be responsive to brief interventions and by developing intervention elements to address the influence of automatic processes on drinking behavior.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

When wanting to change is not enough: automatic appetitive processes moderate the effects of a brief alcohol intervention in hazardous-drinking college students

Ostafin

Palfai

2012

Addict Sci Clin Pract

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“…The visual analog ladder composed of 10 rungs and associated anchor statements was used to measure motivation to change alcohol use (Clair et al, 2011) and marijuana use (Slavet et al, 2006). Directions for the ladder indicate: “Each rung on this ladder shows where a person might be in thinking about changing their drinking (or marijuana use).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adolescent Substance Treatment Engagement Questionnaire for Incarcerated Teens

Martin

Stein

Clair

et al. 2015

Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment

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Background Treatment engagement is often measured in terms of treatment retention and drop out, resource utilization, and missed appointments. Since persons may regularly attend treatment sessions but not pay close attention, actively participate, or comply with the program, attendance may not reflect the level of effort put into treatment. Teens in correctional settings may feel coerced to attend treatment, making it necessary to develop measures of treatment involvement beyond attendance. This study describes the development and validation of the Adolescent Substance Treatment Engagement Questionnaire (ASTEQ), Teen and Counselor versions. Methods The psychometric properties of the ASTEQ were examined in a sample of incarcerated teens (N = 205) and their counselors. Principal component analysis was conducted on teen and counselor versions of the questionnaire. Results Scales of positive and negative treatment engagement were found, reflecting both overt behaviors (joking around, talking to others) and attitudes (interest in change). Significant correlations with constructs related to treatment attitudes and behaviors, and misbehaviors (including substance use) demonstrate good concurrent and predictive validity. Teen and counselor ratings of engagement produced validity correlations in the medium effect size range. Conclusions These measures comprise a valid and reliable method for measuring treatment engagement for incarcerated teens.

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“…Engagement indicates motivation, commitment and internalization of the process of change, and can lead to deeper learning (Dawes and Larson, ; Reisinger et al, ). Youth who are authentically engaged in an intervention process are more motivated to change, such that behavioural change is more likely to occur (Clair et al, ; Reisinger et al, ).…”

Section: Occupational Engagementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engagement in Play Activities as a Means for Youth in Detention to Acquire Life Skills

Shea

Siu

2016

Occupation Therapy Intl

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This study describes how occupational therapists in a community-based programme, Occupational Therapy Training Program (OTTP), use play activities to facilitate the acquisition of life skills by youth in detention. This pilot study explored the extent of engagement of male and female inmates aged 14 to 18 years old in structured play activities on topics such as interpersonal relationships, self-awareness, cultural celebrations and the transition to community. Retrospective analysis of data collected from surveys using the Engagement in OTTP Activities Questionnaire (EOAQ), completed by youth participants at the end of each group session, was used to measure the extent of occupational engagement. Worksheets and artworks produced by OTTP participants during those group sessions were also analysed. The participants reported very high engagement in OTTP. Engagement scores for male participants were higher than those for female participants, and male and female participants had higher engagement scores for different activities. Over 90% of the worksheets and artworks were found to be complete and relevant to the topic of the session. Play activities could be an appropriate way for occupational therapists to encourage youth in detention to acquire life skills. Demographic information and the actual number of participants are unknown because of how the existing data were collected. Future studies examining the potential gender-related preferences for specific topics deserve further investigation as well as research comparing the youth's engagement in OTTP interventions using play activities to other group interventions. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Motivation to change alcohol use and treatment engagement in incarcerated youth

Cited by 17 publications

References 39 publications

When wanting to change is not enough: automatic appetitive processes moderate the effects of a brief alcohol intervention in hazardous-drinking college students

When wanting to change is not enough: automatic appetitive processes moderate the effects of a brief alcohol intervention in hazardous-drinking college students

Adolescent Substance Treatment Engagement Questionnaire for Incarcerated Teens

Engagement in Play Activities as a Means for Youth in Detention to Acquire Life Skills

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