Motivation to quit using cigarettes: A review

McCaul, Kevin D.; Hockemeyer, Jill R.; Johnson, Rebecca J.; Zetocha, Kimberlee; Quinlan, Kathryn B.; Glasgow, Russell E.

doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2005.04.004

Cited by 190 publications

(217 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The results further suggest that adult smokers who believe smoking causes serious illness were more likely to have intended or attempted to quit, which is in accord with other studies 25,26 . Most former smokers cite health concerns as the primary motivation for quitting smoking, but the perceived risks and harms of smoking are low in China compared to other countries 25,26 .…”

supporting

confidence: 90%

“…Strong family relationships are also associated with abstaining from smoking in China 25 . Future anti-tobacco campaigns should focus on education about the dangers of exposures to SHS in the context of one's in-group and family 25,26 . Although only 2.4% of women smoke in China, 72.4% are exposed to SHS, with 38.0% exposed on a daily basis, many of whom do not recognize the dangers of SHS exposure 27 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most former smokers cite health concerns as the primary motivation for quitting smoking, but the perceived risks and harms of smoking are low in China compared to other countries 25,26 . Among Chinese smokers, the greatest factor for attempting and intending to quit is knowledge of the adverse health effects of smoking, but misconceptions regarding health consequences of smoking remain pervasive among Chinese smokers 11,12 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The belief that secondhand smoke causes serious illness among Chinese smokers: Smoking cessation and intention to quit

Madewell¹

2018

Tob. Prev. Cessation

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INTRODUCTION Approximately 70% of Chinese adults are exposed to secondhand smoke (SHS) each week and 100 000 people die from SHS every year in China. This study evaluates associations between the belief that SHS causes serious illness and intention to quit, attempts to quit, and quitting smoking, among Chinese adult smokers. METHODS A nationally representative sample of 4866 current and former adult smokers in the Global Adult Tobacco Survey was used for analysis. Multivariable weighted regression models were built to determine significant associations between smoking cessation behavior and the belief that SHS causes serious illness. RESULTS The belief that SHS causes serious illness was associated with intention to quit (AOR 1.62, 95% CI: 1.24, 2.12) and quitting smoking (AOR 1.44, 95% CI: 1.15, 1.81). Other variables associated with smoking cessation behavior included not permitting smoking at home (intending: AOR 1.59, 95% CI: 1.10, 2.31; attempting: AOR 1.73, 95% CI: 1.25, 2.40; quitting: AOR 2.71, 95% CI: 1.90, 3.89) and the belief that smoking causes serious illness (attempting: AOR 1.63, 95% CI: 1.14, 2.33; quitting: AOR 1.66, 95% CI: 1.21, 2.28). CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that believing SHS causes serious illness may play a role in quitting smoking. In China's collectivistic culture, interventions should focus on how SHS exposure affects the health of friends and family. This message can be combined with other proven tobacco control methods such as: smoking bans in public places, warning labels on cigarette packages, high cigarette taxes, and mass media campaigns to reduce tobacco use. INTRODUCTIONChina is the world's largest producer, manufacturer, and consumer of tobacco 1,2 . Chinese men consume over one-third of the world's cigarettes 3,4 . The prevalence of smoking in China among people 15 years or older was 28.1% in 2010, including 52.9% of men and 2.4% of women 2 . Although the quit rate has increased from 3% in 1991 to 9% in 2006, one-third of male smokers will eventually die from tobaccorelated disease 3 . Each year, exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) causes over 435 000 adult and 165 000 childhood deaths globally 5 . Worldwide, 40% of children, 35% of women, and 33% of men are exposed to SHS indoors 5 . Adverse health outcomes including ischemic heart disease, lower respiratory infections, asthma, and lung cancer may be reduced with interventions limiting SHS exposure 5 . Belief that SHS causes serious illness, and that it is associated with smoking behavior, has been studied extensively in Western nations 6,7 . The belief that SHS causes illness, particularly in children, is positively associated with quit attempts among smokers 6,7 . In Australia, one in five smokers attempted to quit due AFFILIATION

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confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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The belief that secondhand smoke causes serious illness among Chinese smokers: Smoking cessation and intention to quit

Madewell¹

2018

Tob. Prev. Cessation

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“…8 Smokers who believe that they have a smoking-related disease 9 and attribute their symptoms to smoking 10 are more motivated to quit. In addition, smokers who have experienced and attributed an acute sentinel health event to smoking were more likely to stop smoking compared with community-based estimates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Awareness of blindness and other smoking-related diseases and its impact on motivation for smoking cessation in eye patients

Handa

Woo

Wagle

et al. 2011

Eye

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Purpose Cigarette smoking is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. The association between smoking and eye diseases is less widely recognised relative to other betterknown smoking-related conditions. This study aims to assess the awareness and fear of known smoking-related diseases among current smokers attending an ophthalmology outpatient clinic and to evaluate their relative impact on the likelihood of smoking cessation. Patients and methods A cross-sectional survey using a structured interview of randomly selected current smokers attending an eye clinic was conducted. The knowledge of six smoking-related diseases (lung cancer, heart attack, stroke, blindness, other cancers, and other lung diseases) was assessed. The fear of smoking-related conditions and the relative impact of each smoking-related condition on the smoker's motivation to quit smoking were evaluated. Results Out of 200 current smokers aged from 14 to 83 years, only 42.5% (85 patients) were aware that smoking causes blindness. Smokers' perception of harm caused by smoking was 6.53±3.21 (mean±SD) on a visual analogue scale of 0 to 10. Patients placed blindness as the second most important motivating factor to quit smoking immediately, within 1 year and 5 years, after lung cancer. Conclusion The awareness of the risk of blindness from smoking was lowest compared with five other smoking-related diseases among eye patients who smoke. However, blindness remains a key motivational factor in smoking cessation and hence should be emphasised as an important negative health consequence of smoking in public health education and anti-smoking campaigns.

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“…This approach is based on well-recognized health behavior theories such as the health belief model ( Janz & Becker, 1984 ;Rosenstock, Strecher, & Becker, 1988 ) and the theory of reasoned action ( Ajzen & Fishbein, 1980 ;Fishbein & Ajzen, 1975 ). Several studies have identifi ed concerns over health consequences as an important factor in preventing the initiation of smoking ( Flay, Phil, Hu, & Richardson, 1998 ;Leventhal, Glynn, & Fleming, 1987 ) as well as an important motivator for young adult smokers who are considering quitting ( Hansen, Collins, Johnson, & Graham, 1985 ;McCaul et al, 2006 ;Milam, Sussman, Ritt-Olson, & Dent, 2000 ;Riedel, Robinson, Klesges, & McLain-Allen, 2002 ;Romer & Jamieson, 2001 ;Rose, Chassin, Presson, & Sherman, 1996 ). Unfortunately, children and adolescents who smoke tend to discount the health effects of smoking, often believing that they will quit prior to experiencing these consequences ( U.S. Department of Health and Human Services [USDHHS], 1994 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Symptoms of cough and shortness of breath among occasional young adult smokers

Berg

Klatt

et al. 2009

Nicotine &Amp; Tobacco Research

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Discussion:In conclusion, this cross-sectional study found that occasional smoking and ETS exposure were associated with an increase in the rate of respiratory symptoms (cough/sore throat and shortness of breath/fatigue) among young adults. IntroductionYoung adulthood is a critical transition period in cigarette use ( Bachman, Wadsworth, O'Malley, Johnston, & Schulenberg, 1997 ;Chen & Kandel, 1995 ). Whereas fi rst experimentation with cigarettes occurs early in life for the majority of individuals, increased frequency of smoking and establishment of regular or heavy cigarette use often occur during the young adult years . Encouraging smoking cessation early in life is crucial to help individuals avoid many of the harms related to smoking ( Doll, Peto, Boreham, & Sutherland, 2004 ;Orleans, 2007 ). Effective strategies targeting occasional or intermittent young adult smokers are needed to interrupt the progression of smoking behavior and the development of nicotine dependence.Efforts to encourage cessation often focus on communicating the negative consequences of cigarette use. This approach is based on well-recognized health behavior theories such as the health belief model ( Janz & Becker, 1984 ;Rosenstock, Strecher, & Becker, 1988 ) and the theory of reasoned action ( Ajzen & Fishbein, 1980 ;Fishbein & Ajzen, 1975 ). Several studies have identifi ed concerns over health consequences as an AbstractIntroduction: The perception of negative health consequences is a common motive for quitting smoking, but specifi c information on the immediate health effects of occasional smoking among young adults is limited.Method: To examine the relationship between cigarette use and symptoms of (a) cough or sore throat and (b) shortness of breath or fatigue after regular activities among young adults, we performed online health screening of a random sample of 25,000 college undergraduates. The screening survey assessed demographic characteristics, smoking and related health behaviors, and respiratory symptoms in the previous 30 days.

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Motivation to quit using cigarettes: A review

Cited by 190 publications

References 43 publications

The belief that secondhand smoke causes serious illness among Chinese smokers: Smoking cessation and intention to quit

The belief that secondhand smoke causes serious illness among Chinese smokers: Smoking cessation and intention to quit

Awareness of blindness and other smoking-related diseases and its impact on motivation for smoking cessation in eye patients

Symptoms of cough and shortness of breath among occasional young adult smokers

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