Motivational profiles for physical activity among adults with type 2 diabetes and their relationships with physical activity behavior

Abstract

Using self-determination theory, the aim of this study was to examine motivational profiles toward physical activity among adults with type 2 diabetes and how these profiles predict physical activity. In total, 381 adults with type 2 diabetes (188 or 49.3% women, M age = 61.39, SD = 7.29) completed a questionnaire assessing their physical activity motivation and behavior. First, results of a multiple regression analysis showed that intrinsic and identified motives were positively associated with leisure-time physical activity over the past three months while results of a multivariate analysis of covariance revealed that higher levels of intrinsic and identified motives were associated with observing physical activity recommendations for type 2 diabetes (i.e. practicing 150 min of moderate to vigorous physical activity per week). Then, results of a cluster analysis distinguished four distinct motivational profiles: selfdetermined, controlled, moderate, and non-self-determined. Participants reporting the highest physical activity participation level and observing physical activity recommendations were more likely to present a self-determined profile. The present study highlights the benefits of using both a variable-centered and a motivational profile approach. They also highlight the importance of examining the type of motivation associated with physical activity practice among adults with type 2 diabetes since autonomous forms of motivation positively influence both the frequency of leisure-time physical activity and the observance of physical activity recommendations for type 2 diabetes. ARTICLE HISTORY

Becoming active post-hospitalisation discharge – an exploration of motivational profiles during exercise change in obese patients

“…Furthermore, previous studies omitting integrated regulation have shown profiles high in identified and intrinsic motivation (i.e. similar to our moderate-autonomous cluster) to be associated with higher exercise participation (Castonguay & Miquelon, 2017;Friederichs et al, 2015;Lindwall et al, 2017), which is contradictory to our results (i.e. moderateautonomous cluster is strictly speaking the cluster with the least amount (21.9%) of patients who became active).…”

Self-regulation resources and physical activity participation among adults with type 2 diabetes

“…individuals simultaneously showing higher levels of autonomous motivation and lower levels of controlled motivation and amotivation) reported more time spent practicing PA over a 12-month period. Similarly, Castonguay and Miquelon (2017) found that T2D adults presenting a self-determined profile reported engaging in PA more frequently, and they were more likely to adhere to the PA guidelines recommended for T2D adults. These results highlight that beyond having a high level of autonomous motivation toward PA, T2D adults must also possess low levels of controlled motivation to perform and maintain PA practice.…”

“…In line with this proposition, some researchers have examined SDT-based motivational profiles in the PA domain. While most have investigated motivational profiles within the general adult population ( Friederichs et al, 2015 ; Guerin and Fortier, 2012 ; Matsumoto and Takenaka, 2004 ; Stephan et al, 2010 ; Ullrich-French and Cox, 2009 ), very few ( Castonguay and Miquelon, 2017 ; Gourlan et al, 2016 ) have explored these issues among T2D adults. In brief, Gourlan et al (2016) demonstrated that compared to other T2D adults, participants presenting a self-determined profile (i.e.…”

Motivational profiles, accelerometer-derived physical activity, and acute diabetes-related symptoms in adults with type 2 diabetes

“…In the study published by Miquelon and Castonguay [ 17 ], PA participation was associated positively with intrinsic and identified regulations, while it was associated negatively with external regulation and amotivation. In addition, Castonguay and Miquelon [ 18 ] reported similar and significant associations between each motivation type and subjective PA participation.…”

“…However, fewer SDT-based studies have looked at the association between motivation and PA in the adult T2D population [ 12 – 19 ]. Although these studies have shown that autonomous motivation (assessed using a global score) is positively associated with various positive PA outcomes, only two studies have thus far investigated the respective impact of each motivation type (including controlled types) on PA behavior, including observing PA recommendations for T2D (i.e., accumulating at least 150 min of MVPA/week) [ 17 , 18 ]. More precisely, Miquelon and Castonguay [ 17 , 18 ] reported the relationship between each motivation type and PA behavior, as measured subjectively.…”