Motives of Criminal Captive-takers: A Preliminary Investigation

Abstract

Objective: Captive-taking is a significant problem that faces the law enforcement, military, intelligence, and general population communities. To date no research has been found that focuses specifically on the motives of captivetakers identified by the perpetrators themselves. In addition, a significant problem in the available literature is a lack of standardized research methods applied to these offender investigations. Therefore, rendering comparisons across these studies becomes difficult, and the applicability to other specific offender groups impossible. Method: The sample included seven individuals convicted of captive-taking. Data were gathered using semi-structured interviews that were developed using Perpetrator-Motive Research Design. Data were analyzed using consensual qualitative research (CQR). Results: Analyses of the transcripts revealed 59 domains that were further broken into 23 micro-motives that relate to the participants' cognitions, affect, behavior, and environmental influences on their criminal behaviors. Conclusion: Results support several leading theories of crime, including general strain theory, social control theory, and moral disengagement. Implications for psychologists who consult with and assist government agencies, including those involved with law enforcement and crisis negotiation teams are presented. For example, results have important implications for psychologists engaged with crisis (hostage) negotiation units by providing common themes and motives of captive-takers.