Motor and non-motor symptoms, drugs, and their mode of action in Parkinson’s disease (PD): a review

Saini, Nancy; Singh, Neetu; Kaur, Navneet; Garg, Sonali; Kaur, Manvinder; Kumar, Asim; Verma, Meenakshi; Singh, Kishanpal; Sohal, Harvinder Singh

doi:10.1007/s00044-024-03203-5

Cited by 3 publications

References 112 publications

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In Parkinson’s disease, affective and chronic fatigue syndrome symptoms are associated with neuronal damage markers

Al-Hakeim,

Khudhair,

Ranaei-Siadat

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background. Parkinson's disease (PD) is frequently accompanied by mood and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) symptoms. It is unknown whether immune activation and insulin resistance (IR) or brain injuries impacts the severity of affective and CFS symptoms due to PD. Aims. To examine whether immune, IR, and/or brain injury biomarkers determine affective and CFS symptoms due to PD. Methods. Using a case (70 PD patients) control (60 healthy controls) study design, we assessed affective and CFS symptoms, measured the peripheral immune-inflammatory response system (IRS) using interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-10, zinc, and calcium levels, the Homeostasis Model Assessment 2 insulin resistance (HOMA2IR) index, and serum brain injury markers including S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), phosphorylated tau217 (pTau217), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Results. PD patients showed increased affective and CFS scores, IRS activation, HOMA2IR, NSE, GFAP, pTau217, and S100B levels as compared to controls. A large part (52.5%) of the variance in the mood+CFS score was explained by the regression on NSE, S100B, HOMA2IR index, interleukin-10 (IL-10) (all positively) and calcium (inversely). The HOMA2IR and IRS indices were significantly associated with all 4 brain injury biomarkers. A large part of the variance in the latter markers (37.0%) was explained by the cumulative effects of the IRS and HOMA2IR indices. Discussion. IRS activation and IR in patients with PD contribute to damage to glial cell projections and type III intermediate filament, which in turn contribute to affective and CFS symptoms.

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In Parkinson’s disease, affective and chronic fatigue syndrome symptoms are associated with neuronal damage markers

Al-Hakeim,

Khudhair,

Ranaei-Siadat

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Antagonists in Neuropathic Pain Management

Pușcașu,

Chiriță,

Negreș

et al. 2024

IJMS

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Neuropathic pain (NeP) is a complex and debilitating condition that impacts millions of people globally. Although various treatment options exist, their effectiveness is often limited, and they can be accompanied by significant side effects. In recent years, there has been increasing interest in targeting the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) as a potential therapeutic approach to alleviate different types of neuropathic pain. This narrative review aims to provide a comprehensive examination of NMDAR antagonists, specifically ketamine, memantine, methadone, amantadine, carbamazepine, valproic acid, phenytoin, dextromethorphan, riluzole, and levorphanol, in the management of NeP. By analyzing and summarizing current preclinical and clinical studies, this review seeks to evaluate the efficacy of these pharmacologic agents in providing adequate relief for NeP.

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A Eficácia Do Tratamento Terapêutico Na Melhoria Da Qualidade De Vida Dos Pacientes Com Doença De Parkinson

Brito,

Silva,

Brito

et al. 2024

Rev. Foco

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A doença de Parkinson (DP) é uma condição neurodegenerativa prevalente em idosos, caracterizada pela degeneração dos neurônios produtores de dopamina. Além dos sintomas motores como tremores, rigidez e bradicinesia, a DP também apresenta sintomas não motores que impactam significativamente a qualidade de vida dos pacientes. O tratamento é multifacetado, envolvendo terapias farmacológicas e não farmacológicas. A levodopa é o principal agente farmacológico para reposição de dopamina, enquanto outras terapias visam controlar os sintomas motores e não motores, como depressão e distúrbios do sono. A pandemia de COVID-19 exacerbou os desafios no manejo da DP, destacando a necessidade de adaptação das práticas de cuidado. Avanços recentes, como a vacinação contra a alfa-sinucleína e o desenvolvimento de novas terapias, oferecem esperança para o futuro do tratamento da DP. As diretrizes propostas por especialistas fornecem um roteiro para abordagem holística no manejo da doença, enfatizando a importância da personalização do tratamento de acordo com as necessidades individuais. Em resumo, o tratamento terapêutico na DP está em constante evolução, com novas abordagens e descobertas que buscam melhorar continuamente o cuidado e a qualidade de vida dos pacientes.

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Motor and non-motor symptoms, drugs, and their mode of action in Parkinson’s disease (PD): a review

Cited by 3 publications

References 112 publications

In Parkinson’s disease, affective and chronic fatigue syndrome symptoms are associated with neuronal damage markers

In Parkinson’s disease, affective and chronic fatigue syndrome symptoms are associated with neuronal damage markers

Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Antagonists in Neuropathic Pain Management

A Eficácia Do Tratamento Terapêutico Na Melhoria Da Qualidade De Vida Dos Pacientes Com Doença De Parkinson

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