“…PAC has been observed in both physiological and pathological neural processing. The former includes hand movement (Yanagisawa et al, 2012), swallowing (Hashimoto et al, 2021c) and somatosensory processing (Lakatos et al, 2008), and the latter includes epileptic seizures (Hashimoto et al, 2020b, 2021b, Iimura et al, 2018, and Parkinson's disease (de Hemptinne et al, 2015). It was reported that ictal HFA amplitudes are coupled with δ (Iimura et al, 2018, Nariai et al, 2011, θ (Hashimoto et al, 2021b, Ibrahim et al, 2014, and α (Ibrahim et al, 2014) phases, while β-HFA coupling has been reported as a useful marker for seizure detection (Edakawa et al, 2016).…”