Motor Cortex Stimulation Regenerative Effects in Peripheral Nerve Injury: An Experimental Rat Model

Nicolas, Nicolas; Kobaïter-Maarrawi, Sandra; Georges, Samuel; Abadjian, Gerard; Maarrawi, Joseph

doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2018.03.090

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…With respect to the sciatic nerve, in a rat model of peripheral neuropathy, MCS was found to induce nerve regeneration and muscle reinnervation, observed by functional and electrophysiological recovery, after sciatic nerve transection followed by microsurgical repair [74]. In this study, we elucidated the physiological effects of MCS on peripheral sensory nerve inflammation induced by peripheral neuropathy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Systemic and Peripheral Mechanisms of Cortical Stimulation-Induced Analgesia and Refractoriness in a Rat Model of Neuropathic Pain

Assis

Campos

Paschoa

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Epidural motor cortex stimulation (MCS) is an effective treatment for refractory neuropathic pain; however, some individuals are unresponsive. In this study, we correlated the effectiveness of MCS and refractoriness with the expression of cytokines, neurotrophins, and nociceptive mediators in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG), sciatic nerve, and plasma of rats with sciatic neuropathy. MCS inhibited hyperalgesia and allodynia in two-thirds of the animals (responsive group), and one-third did not respond (refractory group). Chronic constriction injury (CCI) increased IL-1β in the nerve and DRG, inhibited IL-4, IL-10, and IL-17A in the nerve, decreased β-endorphin, and enhanced substance P in the plasma, compared to the control. Responsive animals showed decreased NGF and increased IL-6 in the nerve, accompanied by restoration of local IL-10 and IL-17A and systemic β-endorphin. Refractory animals showed increased TNF-α and decreased IFNγ in the nerve, along with decreased TNF-α and IL-17A in the DRG, maintaining low levels of systemic β-endorphin. Our findings suggest that the effectiveness of MCS depends on local control of inflammatory and neurotrophic changes, accompanied by recovery of the opioidergic system observed in neuropathic conditions. So, understanding the refractoriness to MCS may guide an improvement in the efficacy of the technique, thus benefiting patients with persistent neuropathic pain.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Systemic and Peripheral Mechanisms of Cortical Stimulation-Induced Analgesia and Refractoriness in a Rat Model of Neuropathic Pain

Assis

Campos

Paschoa

et al. 2023

IJMS

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“…As maladaptive central plasticity contributes to chronic dysfunction after nerve damage, techniques that reestablish normal central network signaling should improve functional recovery. Motor cortex stimulation can be employed to enhance functional recovery, nerve regeneration, and muscle reinnervation after PNT [ 103 ]. Direct stimulation of the motor cortex modulates CNS plasticity for better functional recovery after PNT [ 12 ].…”

Section: The New Application Of Pnt and The Modulation Of Neuroplasti...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasticity of the Central Nervous System Involving Peripheral Nerve Transfer

Shen¹

2022

Neural Plasticity

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Peripheral nerve injury can lead to partial or complete loss of limb function, and nerve transfer is an effective surgical salvage for patients with these injuries. The inability of deprived cortical regions representing damaged nerves to overcome corresponding maladaptive plasticity after the reinnervation of muscle fibers and sensory receptors is thought to be correlated with lasting and unfavorable functional recovery. However, the concept of central nervous system plasticity is rarely elucidated in classical textbooks involving peripheral nerve injury, let alone peripheral nerve transfer. This article is aimed at providing a comprehensive understanding of central nervous system plasticity involving peripheral nerve injury by reviewing studies mainly in human or nonhuman primate and by highlighting the functional and structural modifications in the central nervous system after peripheral nerve transfer. Hopefully, it will help surgeons perform successful nerve transfer under the guidance of modern concepts in neuroplasticity.

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“…Moreover, since most patients with peripheral nerve injuries and brachial plexus injuries belong to the working-age population, peripheral nerve surgery also has substantial socioeconomic implications [8,9]. Contrary to the previously held view, the peripheral nerve system has been shown to have a huge regeneration potential, with significant results enhanced by different modalities of stimulation [5,6], whereby recent research on brain plasticity indicates that experience-dependent reorganization of neural networks plays an important role in functional recovery [3,4,13,14]. For all these reasons, systematic research, education, and practice in peripheral nerve surgery is definitely worth the effort.…”

Section: Robert Frostmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peripheral nerve surgery: the road less traveled

Rasulić

2018

Acta Neurochir

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Motor Cortex Stimulation Regenerative Effects in Peripheral Nerve Injury: An Experimental Rat Model

Cited by 9 publications

References 49 publications

Systemic and Peripheral Mechanisms of Cortical Stimulation-Induced Analgesia and Refractoriness in a Rat Model of Neuropathic Pain

Systemic and Peripheral Mechanisms of Cortical Stimulation-Induced Analgesia and Refractoriness in a Rat Model of Neuropathic Pain

Plasticity of the Central Nervous System Involving Peripheral Nerve Transfer

Peripheral nerve surgery: the road less traveled

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