Motor function and joint position sense in relation to gait performance in chronic stroke patients

Lin, Shunfu

doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2004.05.009

Cited by 79 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…) To facilitate neuroplasticity and cortical reorganization, it would be interesting to also investigate sensory stimulation in future studies with patients with stroke (Nudo et al, 1996;Johansson, 2000) since sensory impairments of all modalities are common after stroke (Carey, 1995). Moreover, sensory deficits are associated with the degree of weakness and the degree of stroke severity related to mobility, independence in activities of daily living, and recovery (De Haart et al, 2004;Lin, 2005). Addressing sensory deficits that accompany muscle weakness may improve impaired processing of afferent signals which in turn may contribute to improved muscle activation, gait patterns, and responses to perturbation during gait and stance (El-Abd & Ibrahim, 1994).…”

Section: Correlation Between Muscle Variables and Functional Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Functional recovery and muscle properties after stroke: a preleminary longitudinal study

Horstman¹,

Haan²,

Konijnenbelt³

et al. 2012

Rehabilitation Medicine

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Section: Correlation Between Muscle Variables and Functional Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Functional recovery and muscle properties after stroke: a preleminary longitudinal study

Horstman¹,

Haan²,

Konijnenbelt³

et al. 2012

Rehabilitation Medicine

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“…People living with stroke present several sensorimotor deficits such as contralateral and ipsilateral muscular weakness [4,5], contralateral spasticity [6,7], lack of coordination [8], contralateral impaired sensitivity [9][10][11], and impaired balance [12]. These sensorimotor deficits are heterogeneous among individuals post stroke and vary according to the size and location of the lesion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Spatial and Temporal Gait Asymmetries in Individuals Post Stroke

Lauzière¹,

Betschart²,

Aïssaoui³

et al. 2014

Int J Phys Med Rehabil

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Gait asymmetry in spatial and temporal parameters and its impacts on functional activities have always raised many interesting questions in research and rehabilitation. The aim of this topical review is threefold: 1) to examine different equations of asymmetry of gait parameters and make recommendations for standardization, 2) to deepen the understanding of the relationships between sensorimotor deficits, spatiotemporal (step length, swing time and double support time) and biomechanical (kinematic, kinetic, muscular activity) parameter asymmetries during gait and, 3) to summarize the impacts of gait asymmetry on walking speed, falls, and energy cost in individuals post stroke. In light of current literature, we recommend quantifying spatiotemporal asymmetries by calculating symmetry ratios. However, for other gait parameters (such as kinetic or kinematic data), the choice will depend on the variability of the data and the objective of the study. Regardless of the selected asymmetry equation, we recommend presenting the asymmetry values in combination with the mean value of each side to facilitate comparisons between studies. This review also revealed that sensorimotor deficits clinically measured are not sufficient to explain the large variability of spatiotemporal asymmetries (particularly for step length and double support time) in individuals post stroke. Biomechanical analysis has been identified as a relevant approach to understanding gait deviations. Studies that linked biomechanical impairments to spatiotemporal asymmetries suggest that a balance issue and an impaired paretic forward propulsion could be among the important factors underlying spatiotemporal asymmetries. In our opinion, this paper provides meaningful information to aid in better understanding gait deviations in persons after stroke and establishes the need for future studies regrouping individuals post stroke according to their spatiotemporal asymmetries. Furthermore, further studies targeting efficacy of locomotor rehabilitation and the impacts of gait asymmetry on risk of falls and energy expenditure are needed.

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“…Stroke patients' gait requires high energy consumption and physiological burden indexes, and due to changes in movements coordinated among the head, trunk, and pelvis and stability 1) , plantar pressure caused by weight shifts of the paretic side increase in the lateral direction and decrease in the anteroposterior direction, significantly affecting the patients' gait ability 2) . Therefore, gait ability is an important part of rehabilitation in stroke patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of PNF-based Walking Exercise on a Ramp on Gait Performance of Stroke Patients

Seo

Lee

2012

J Phys Ther Sci

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Abstract.[Purpose] The present study examines how PNF-based walking exercise on a ramp affects gait performance of stroke patients. [Methods] Forty stroke patients were randomly divided into an experiment group and a control group. For the former group, patients went through a half-hour of training therapy and a half-hour of PNFbased walking exercise on a ramp. For the latter group, patients went through 30 minutes of training therapy and a half-hour of walking exercise on a ramp. All participants had five training sessions each week for four weeks. For measurement, a GAITRite system was used to examine temporal parameters, spatial parameters, and functional ambulation performance before and after the training.[Results] Regarding temporal parameters, step time, double support, and stance phase decreased more significantly in the experiment group than in the control group after the walking exercise on a ramp, while mean velocity increased significantly. In terms of spatial parameters, step length, and heel-to-heel base of support increased significantly in the experiment group after the walking exercise, and step-to-extremity ratio decreased significantly in the same group. Lastly, FAP rose more significantly in the experiment group than in the control group following the walking exercise on a ramp.[Conclusion] The experiment results showed that PNF-based walking exercise on a ramp is effective in enhancing gait performance. It is expected that the same exercise can be applied to patients of other types of neurological disorders to improve their gait performances.

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Motor function and joint position sense in relation to gait performance in chronic stroke patients

Cited by 79 publications

References 38 publications

Functional recovery and muscle properties after stroke: a preleminary longitudinal study

Functional recovery and muscle properties after stroke: a preleminary longitudinal study

Understanding Spatial and Temporal Gait Asymmetries in Individuals Post Stroke

Impact of PNF-based Walking Exercise on a Ramp on Gait Performance of Stroke Patients

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