Motor Functions of the Left Hemisphere

Kimura, Doreen; Archibald, Yvonne

doi:10.1093/brain/97.1.337

Cited by 554 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The Neuroanatomy of the Praxis System and Its Relationship to CBD Pathology Liepmann observed that all of his patients who presented with limb apraxia had suffered from left hemisphere damage, whereas none with right hemisphere damage demonstrated apraxia (Liepmann 1988;Kimura and Archibald 1974). Hence he proposed that the motor representations of actions were stored in the left hemisphere in right-handed individuals and that the left hemisphere controlled gesture performance in both hands.…”

Section: Limb Apraxia In Cbsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Model-Based Approach to Understanding Apraxia in Corticobasal Syndrome

2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Limb apraxia is a neurological disorder of higher cognitive function characterized by an inability to perform purposeful skilled movements and not attributable to an elementary sensorimotor dysfunction or comprehension difficulty. Corticobasal Syndrome (CBS) is an akinetic rigid syndrome with asymmetric onset and progression with at least one basal ganglia feature (rigidity, limb dystonia or myoclonus) and one cortical feature (limb apraxia, alien hand syndrome or cortical sensory loss). Even though limb apraxia is highly prevalent in CBS (70-80%), very few studies have examined the performance of CBS patients on praxis measures in detail. This review aims to (1) briefly summarize the clinical, neuroanatomical and pathological findings in CBS, (2) briefly outline what limb apraxia is and how it is assessed, (3) to comprehensively review the literature on limb apraxia in CBS to date and (4) to briefly summarize the literature on other forms of apraxia, such as limb-kinetic apraxia and buccofacial apraxia. Overall, the goal of the review is to bring a model-based perspective to the findings available in the literature to date on limb apraxia in CBS.

show abstract

Section: Limb Apraxia In Cbsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Model-Based Approach to Understanding Apraxia in Corticobasal Syndrome

2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…One account is that right-handedness is a direct reflection of the left-lateralized system for representing manual praxis (Geschwind & Galaburda, 1985; Heilman, 1997; Kimura & Archibald, 1974; Liepmann, 1908; for a discussion see Goldenberg, 2013b). Indeed, of the small number of left-handed cases of apraxia that have been investigated, some do show signs of apraxia following right hemisphere lesions (Dobato et al, 2001; Poeck & Kerschensteiner, 1971; Valenstein & Heilman, 1979).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specialization of the left supramarginal gyrus for hand-independent praxis representation is not related to hand dominance

2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Data from focal brain injury and functional neuroimaging studies implicate a distributed network of parieto-fronto-temporal areas in the human left cerebral hemisphere as playing distinct roles in the representation of meaningful actions (praxis). Because these data come primarily from right-handed individuals, the relationship between left cerebral specialization for praxis representation and hand dominance remains unclear. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to evaluate the hypothesis that strongly left-handed (right hemisphere motor dominant) adults also exhibit this left cerebral specialization. Participants planned familiar actions for subsequent performance with the left or right hand in response to transitive (e.g., “pounding”) or intransitive (e.g. “waving”) action words. In linguistic control trials, cues denoted non-physical actions (e.g., “believing”). Action planning was associated with significant, exclusively left-lateralized and extensive increases of activity in the supramarginal gyrus (SMg), and more focal modulations in the left caudal middle temporal gyrus (cMTg). This activity was hand- and gesture-independent, i.e., unaffected by the hand involved in subsequent action performance, and the type of gesture (i.e., transitive or intransitive). Compared directly with right-handers, left-handers exhibited greater involvement of the right angular gyrus (ANg) and dorsal premotor cortex (dPMC), which is indicative of a less asymmetric functional architecture for praxis representation. We therefore conclude that the organization of mechanisms involved in planning familiar actions is influenced by one’s motor dominance. However, independent of hand dominance, the left SMg and cMTg are specialized for ideomotor transformations—the integration of conceptual knowledge and motor representations into meaningful actions. These findings support the view that higher-order praxis representation and lower-level motor dominance rely on dissociable mechanisms.

show abstract

“…There is a general consensus regarding cerebral dominance and hemispheric specialization in the human brain in which the right hemisphere is dominant for analyzing complex visuo-spatial relationships and for the perception and expression of emotions, whereas language is represented in the left hemisphere (Kimura and Archibald, 1974; Gazzaniga, 1995; Davidson and Kenneth, 2004; Fox and Reed, 2008; Gotts et al, 2013). Healthy subjects display asymmetries in the DA system, which in humans have been associated, for example, with lateralized motor performance and hand preference (Bracha et al, 1987; De La Fuente-Fernandez et al, 2000; Mohr and Bracha, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hemispheric differences in the mesostriatal dopaminergic system

Molochnikov

Cohen

2014

Front. Syst. Neurosci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The mesostriatal dopaminergic system, which comprises the mesolimbic and the nigrostriatal pathways, plays a major role in neural processing underlying motor and limbic functions. Multiple reports suggest that these processes are influenced by hemispheric differences in striatal dopamine (DA) levels, DA turnover and its receptor activity. Here, we review studies which measured the concentration of DA and its metabolites to examine the relationship between DA imbalance and animal behavior under different conditions. Specifically, we assess evidence in support of endogenous, inter-hemispheric DA imbalance; determine whether the known anatomy provides a suitable substrate for this imbalance; examine the relationship between DA imbalance and animal behavior; and characterize the symmetry of the observed inter-hemispheric laterality in the nigrostriatal and the mesolimbic DA systems. We conclude that many studies provide supporting evidence for the occurrence of experience-dependent endogenous DA imbalance which is controlled by a dedicated regulatory/compensatory mechanism. Additionally, it seems that the link between DA imbalance and animal behavior is better characterized in the nigrostriatal than in the mesolimbic system. Nonetheless, a variety of brain and behavioral manipulations demonstrate that the nigrostriatal system displays symmetrical laterality whereas the mesolimbic system displays asymmetrical laterality which supports hemispheric specialization in rodents. The reciprocity of the relationship between DA imbalance and animal behavior (i.e., the capacity of animal training to alter DA imbalance for prolonged time periods) remains controversial, however, if confirmed, it may provide a valuable non-invasive therapeutic means for treating abnormal DA imbalance.

show abstract

Motor Functions of the Left Hemisphere

Cited by 554 publications

References 14 publications

A Model-Based Approach to Understanding Apraxia in Corticobasal Syndrome

A Model-Based Approach to Understanding Apraxia in Corticobasal Syndrome

Specialization of the left supramarginal gyrus for hand-independent praxis representation is not related to hand dominance

Hemispheric differences in the mesostriatal dopaminergic system

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About