Motor innervation of the fetal rat tongue; its development, function, and significance in the mechanism of palate closure

Borden, Charles S.

doi:10.1016/0002-9416(69)90219-x

American Journal of Orthodontics

1969

DOI: 10.1016/0002-9416(69)90219-x

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Motor innervation of the fetal rat tongue; its development, function, and significance in the mechanism of palate closure

Charles S. Borden¹

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1971

1973

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Failure of muscle relaxants to produce cleft palate in mice

Jacobs

1971

Teratology

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This study was designed to examine the validity of the theory that descent of the tongue, which is presumably induced by fetal muscular movements, is essential for normal closure of the secondary palate in mice. Nulliparous CDl mice were given the following "muscle-paralyzing" agents on day 13 1 / 2 of gestation, i.e., 1 day before the onset of the critical period of palate closure : d-tubocurarine chloride, gallamine triethiodide (Flaxedil) , phenobarbital sodium, chlorphenesin carbamate (Maolate), and ethyl ether. The full paralytical effect of each drug was maintained for 42 hours, i.e., until day 15 113 of gestation, by means of subsequent fractional doses. Various combinations of barbiturates, anesthetics, and muscle relaxants were also employed. All litters were recovered by laparotomy on day 15 1 / 3 of gestation. The presence of fetuses that were flaccid, limp, apneic, and unresponsive to stimulation was accepted as evidence of transplacental passage of the employed compounds. No cleft palates were found in 656 recovered fetuses. This may be viewed as an indication that muscular activityeither spontaneous or reflexogenicis not essential for normal closure of the secondary palate in mice.

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Failure of muscle relaxants to produce cleft palate in mice

Jacobs

1971

Teratology

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Die Entwicklung des Bewegungsapparates der Rattenzunge im Licht- und Elektronenmikroskop

Schweichel

Seinsch

1973

Z. Anat. Entwickl. Gesch.

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Motor innervation of the fetal rat tongue; its development, function, and significance in the mechanism of palate closure

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Failure of muscle relaxants to produce cleft palate in mice

Failure of muscle relaxants to produce cleft palate in mice

Die Entwicklung des Bewegungsapparates der Rattenzunge im Licht- und Elektronenmikroskop

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