Motor Program Transformation of Throwing Dart from the Third-Person Perspective

Abstract

The perspective of perceiving one’s action affects its speed and accuracy. In the present study, we investigated the change in accuracy and kinematics when subjects throw darts from the first-person perspective and the third-person perspective with varying angles of view. To model the third-person perspective, subjects were looking at themselves as well as the scene through the virtual reality head-mounted display (VR HMD). The scene was supplied by a video feed from the camera located to the up and 0, 20 and 40 degrees to the right behind the subjects. The 28 subjects wore a motion capture suit to register their right hand displacement, velocity and acceleration, as well as torso rotation during the dart throws. The results indicated that mean accuracy shifted in opposite direction with the changes of camera location in vertical axis and in congruent direction in horizontal axis. Kinematic data revealed a smaller angle of torso rotation to the left in all third-person perspective conditions before and during the throw. The amplitude, speed and acceleration in third-person condition were lower compared to the first-person view condition, before the peak velocity of the hand in the direction toward the target and after the peak velocity in lowering the hand. Moreover, the hand movement angle was smaller in the third-person perspective conditions with 20 and 40 angle of view, compared with the first-person perspective condition just preceding the time of peak velocity, and the difference between conditions predicted the changes in mean accuracy of the throws. Thus, the results of this study revealed that subject’s localization contributed to the transformation of the motor program.

Motor Learning in Response to Different Experimental Pain Models Among Healthy Individuals: A Systematic Review

“…It was argued that local pain may result in more attention to the part of the body (i.e., internal attention) underlying learning ( Dancey et al, 2016b ), which in turn can lead to more changes in cortical neuroplasticity ( Rosenkranz and Rothwell, 2004 ), and subsequently improve in the learning of motor tasks. However, a recent study ( Tumialis et al, 2020 ) indicated that external attention can engender more accuracy and better performance in comparison to internal attention, including performing a task in the presence of pain. Whereas Mavromatis et al (2017) applied a similar experimental pain model compared to the work of Dancey et al (2014 , 2016a , b , 2018) , they did not observe any significant effect of acute pain on the skill learning acquisition.…”

Motion Tracking of Daily Living and Physical Activities in Health Care: Systematic Review From Designers’ Perspective

“…The role of AI mainly functions for data classification, monitoring, and visualization among the included studies. Furthermore, 80% (43/54) of the studies recruited participants for user study [ 75 , 76 , 78 - 81 , 83 - 88 , 90 , 92 , 93 , 95 - 105 , 107 - 110 , 113 - 116 , 118 - 124 , 127 , 128 ]. Twelve articles used public data set [ 78 , 82 , 89 , 91 , 94 , 106 , 111 , 112 , 117 , 125 - 127 ].…”

“…The studies that involved placing sensors on the full body and in environments were widely reported [ 84 , 94 , 96 , 103 , 109 - 112 , 115 , 116 , 119 , 122 , 123 ], and the purposes of using full-body motion tracking are commonly argued for analyzing specific movements or securing the credibility of system evaluations [ 94 , 106 , 110 , 112 , 115 , 116 , 123 ]. The investigations involving the placement of sensors in physical spaces mostly use motion capture and image processing techniques [ 117 , 119 ].…”

Motor Learning in Response to Different Experimental Pain Models among Healthy Individuals: A Systematic Review

“…It was argued that local pain may result in more attention to the part of the body underlying learning (Dancey et al, 2016b), which in turn can lead to more changes in cortical neuroplasticity (Rosenkranz & Rothwell, 2004), and subsequently improve in the learning of motor tasks. A recent study (Tumialis et al, 2020) indicated that external attention can engender more accuracy and better performance in comparison to internal attention, including performing a task in the presence of pain. Whereas Mavromatis and colleagues (Mavromatis et al, 2017) applied a similar experimental pain model compared to the work of Dancey (Dancey et al, 2016a; Dancey et al, 2014; Dancey et al, 2016b; Dancey et al, 2018), they did not observe any significant effect of acute pain on the skill learning acquisition.…”