2012
DOI: 10.1097/wnn.0b013e31826dfd62
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Motor Symptoms at Onset of Parkinson Disease and Risk for Cognitive Impairment and Depression

Abstract: Objective To determine if side and type of initial motor symptoms in Parkinson disease predict risk for later development of cognitive impairment or depressive symptoms. Methods We recruited 124 nondemented patients with Parkinson disease to participate in a cohort study of cognitive function and depressive symptoms that used validated neuropsychological tests and a depressive symptom inventory. We first reviewed the patients’ charts to determine their initial motor symptom and side of onset, and then classi… Show more

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Cited by 23 publications
(18 citation statements)
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“…Similarly, 18 patients of the tremor dominant or mixed subtype reported lesser (ToM‐relevant) alexithymic features compared with 24 patients of the subtype with postural instability and gait difficulty (Poletti, Frosini, et al ., ). However, these findings in small samples might be biased by other variables such as depression, as risk factors for depression in PD include akinetic‐rigid presentation (Starkstein et al ., ), and patients with right‐sided onset of tremor seem to have a lower risk of depressive symptoms than patients with other presentations (Dewey et al ., ). In 108 Patients ‘on’ dopaminergic medication, Williams et al .…”
Section: Correlates Of Executive Dysfunction In Pdmentioning
confidence: 97%
“…Similarly, 18 patients of the tremor dominant or mixed subtype reported lesser (ToM‐relevant) alexithymic features compared with 24 patients of the subtype with postural instability and gait difficulty (Poletti, Frosini, et al ., ). However, these findings in small samples might be biased by other variables such as depression, as risk factors for depression in PD include akinetic‐rigid presentation (Starkstein et al ., ), and patients with right‐sided onset of tremor seem to have a lower risk of depressive symptoms than patients with other presentations (Dewey et al ., ). In 108 Patients ‘on’ dopaminergic medication, Williams et al .…”
Section: Correlates Of Executive Dysfunction In Pdmentioning
confidence: 97%
“…Despite this high risk and prevalence, studies conducted so far were not able to conclude the effect of depression on PD prognosis, the temporal relationship of the two disorders, and the determinants of depression in PD patients. Low socioeconomic status, cognitive deficits, laterality of PD motor symptoms, and anxiety disorder comorbidity were shown to increase depression vulnerability in PD patients (10)(11)(12). First-degree relatives of PD patients also have a higher risk of depressive and anxiety disorders (13), which indicates a neurobiological susceptibility.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 97%
“…Age, gender, and depression have been previously associated with motor symptoms in PD 2426. In our model, we included age, gender, GDS scores, and REM Sleep Behavior Disorder Questionnaire score as dependent variables for the outcome, MDS-UPDRS III score categories.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%