Motor Unit Survival in Lifelong Runners Is Muscle Dependent

Power, Geoffrey A.; Dalton, Brian H.; Behm, David G.; Doherty, Timothy J.; Vandervoort, Anthony A.; Rice, Charles L.

doi:10.1249/mss.0b013e318249953c

Cited by 97 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…29 Similarly, it is reported that high levels of long-term physical activity can provide a maintenance of motor units in exercising muscle. 30 In the present study, estimated swim distance completed at a high intensity (Borg scale > 14) accounted for about 70% of total daily swim distance in high MS. In addition, swim fins are widely used for improving swim performance and have been associated with altering leg muscle activation during swim training sessions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 48%

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Skeletal Muscle Mass and Muscular Function in Master Swimmers Is Related to Training Distance

Abe

Kojima²,

Stager³

2014

Rejuvenation Research

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It is unknown whether or not the daily swim training distances of master swimmers (MS) affect the observed changes in skeletal muscle mass (SM) and physical function commonly associated with the aging process. Twenty-two male MS aged 52-82 years were divided into two groups based upon training distance: High MS (>3000 meters swim/session and 4.1 times/week; n=11) and moderate MS (1500-2800 meters swim/session and 3.4 times/week; n=11). Eleven age- and body mass index-matched older (aged 56-80 years) men served as controls (AMC). Subjects who performed resistance training were excluded in this study. Muscle thickness (MTH) was measured by ultrasound at nine sites on the anterior/posterior aspects of the body (forearm, upper arm, trunk, thigh, and lower leg), and from this, total and segmental SM mass values were estimated. Thigh MTH (anterior:posterior mid-thigh, A50:P50) ratio was calculated to assess the site-specific thigh muscle loss. Straight and zigzag walking performance and maximum knee extension/flexion strength were also measured. Arm SM was greater for high MS and moderate MS than for AMC. Total SM index was higher for high MS than for moderate MS and AMC. A50:P50 ratio was greater for high MS than for AMC. Absolute and relative knee extension strength, but not flexion strength, was greater in high MS than in AMC. The A50:P50 ratio inversely correlated (p<0.05) with zigzag walking time, whereas relative knee extension strength positively correlated (p<0.05) with both straight and zigzag walking performance. Training distance in older MS may be an important factor for maintaining muscle mass and function in the aging process.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 48%

“…34 A recent study demonstrated that the lifelong running can provide a localized maintenance of motor units in exercising muscle, but not systemically. 30 Thus, lifelong swimming exercise session with long distance (> 3000 meters) may prevent the site-specific muscle loss of the thigh.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skeletal Muscle Mass and Muscular Function in Master Swimmers Is Related to Training Distance

Abe

Kojima²,

Stager³

2014

Rejuvenation Research

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“…A recent study demonstrated that lifelong running can provide a localized maintenance of motor units in exercising muscle, but not systemically (Power et al 2012). Thus, changes in the intensity and/or duration of weight-bearing physical activity may be a main factor for decreasing anterior thigh MTH with age.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Site-specific thigh muscle loss as an independent phenomenon for age-related muscle loss in middle-aged and older men and women

Abe

Patterson

Stover

et al. 2014

AGE

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The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)-determined appendicular lean mass (aLM) and ultrasound-measured thigh muscle thickness (MTH) ratio and between aLM or thigh MTH ratio and zigzag walking performance. Eighty-one middleaged and older adults (41 men and 40 women) aged 50 to 74 years volunteered for the study. Approximately two thirds of the subjects (34 men and 17 women) carried out regular sports activity (at least >2 times a week) including running and cycling exercise. MTH was measured using B-mode ultrasound at two sites on the anterior (A50) and posterior (P50) aspects of the mid-thigh. A50:P50 MTH ratio was calculated to evaluate site-specific thigh muscle loss. aLM and percent body fat were also determined using a DXA. Men had lower body fat and higher aLM than women. Anterior and posterior thigh MTH as well as A50:P50 MTH ratio was higher in men than in women. Zigzag walking time was faster in men than in women. Anterior and posterior thigh MTH was positively (p<0.001) correlated to aLM and aLM index in men and women. However, A50:P50 MTH ratio was not significantly correlated with aLM and aLM index in both sexes. There was no significant correlation between aLM index and zigzag walking time in men and women. A50:P50 MTH ratio was inversely (p<0.05) correlated to zigzag walking time in both men and women. Our results suggest that thigh MTH ratio is independent of age-related muscle mass loss detected by aLM.

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“…For decomposition-enhanced spike-triggered averaging (DE-STA) measures that include an estimate of the number of functional motor units (MUNE), intramuscular EMG signals were recorded via a disposable concentric needle electrode with a recording surface of 0.03 mm 2 (Model N53153; Teca, Hawthorne, New York) inserted into the TA, 5-10 mm proximal to the active surface electrode. The MUNE technique was performed similarly to what we have reported previously (Dalton et al 2008;McNeil et al 2005b;Power et al 2012aPower et al , 2010. Electromyography data were acquired using customized software on a Neuroscan Comperio system (Neurosoft, El Paso, Texas).…”

Section: Electrophysiological Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence on sarcopenia of muscle quality and quantity derived from magnetic resonance imaging and neuromuscular properties

Power

Allen

Booth

et al. 2014

AGE

Self Cite

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The relative contributions of intrinsic and extrinsic neuromuscular factors on sarcopenia are poorly understood. The associations among age-related declines of strength, muscle mass, and muscle quality in response to motor unit (MU) loss have not been systematically investigated in the same groups of subjects. The purpose was to assess MU loss, MRI-derived muscle cross-sectional area (CSA), muscle protein quantity (MPQ), and normalized strength of the dorsiflexors in one group of young (~25 years) adult males compared with two groups of healthy men aged 60-85 years. Muscle strength was assessed on a dynamometer and was~25 % lower in both older groups, but CSA was less only in the older (>75 years) men, with no differences between the young and old (60-73 years). Normalized strength tended to be lower in both groups of aged men compared to young. For MPQ, only the older men showed~8 % lower values than the young and old men. Older men had fewer functioning MUs than old, and both groups of aged men had fewer MUs than young men. Muscle quality appears to be maintained in the old likely due to compensatory MU remodeling, but in the older group (>75 years), MU loss was higher and MPQ was lower.

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Motor Unit Survival in Lifelong Runners Is Muscle Dependent

Cited by 97 publications

References 40 publications

Skeletal Muscle Mass and Muscular Function in Master Swimmers Is Related to Training Distance

Skeletal Muscle Mass and Muscular Function in Master Swimmers Is Related to Training Distance

Site-specific thigh muscle loss as an independent phenomenon for age-related muscle loss in middle-aged and older men and women

The influence on sarcopenia of muscle quality and quantity derived from magnetic resonance imaging and neuromuscular properties

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