Motor vehicle accidents, fatigue and optimism bias in taxi drivers

Dalziel, James; Job, R. F. Soames

doi:10.1016/s0001-4575(97)00028-6

Cited by 139 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…1 3 There is also strong speci…c evidence that overcon…dence does not vanish with learning nor with experience. For example, Dalziel and Job (1997) found that professional drivers, such as metropolitan taxi drivers from Sydney, underestimate their risk of automobile accident. and the willingness to purchase unemployment insurance.…”

Section: Experimental Evidence Of Overcon…dencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…17 The equilibrium contract for low risk and overcon…dent agents, denoted by LO ; is determined by the tangency point of the indi¤erence curve I L on the zero-pro…t line LO = 0. Under some regularity assumptions, the low risk and overcon…dent individuals' equilibrium coverage LO 1 + LO 2 decreases in : 18 The low risk and overcon…dent individuals'equilibrium utilities decrease in :…”

Section: Equilibrium In Insurance Markets With Overcon…dencementioning

confidence: 99%

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The Overconfidence Problem in Insurance Markets

Sandroni

Squintani

2004

SSRN Journal

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Adverse selection has long been recognized as a rationale for government intervention in insurance markets and for the adoption of public compulsory insurance. A di¤erent rationale for compulsory insurance is that overcon…dent individuals may underinsure because they underestimate the relevant risks. We show that government intervention is not a Pareto improvement in an adverse selection model with a signi…cant fraction of overcon…dent agents. We underline that behavioral biases need not be the basis for government intervention. In fact, behavioral biases may overturn existing compelling reasons for intervention in the economy. Our model also delivers novel positive implications on aggregate variables that have been at the center of recent empirical investigation.We thank

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Section: Experimental Evidence Of Overcon…dencementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Equilibrium In Insurance Markets With Overcon…dencementioning

confidence: 99%

The Overconfidence Problem in Insurance Markets

Sandroni

Squintani

2004

SSRN Journal

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“…24 Sin embargo, esta condición suele ser minimizada por los taxistas, quienes tienden a creer que no afecta su desempeño. 24 Por otro lado, en términos de salud, varios de los síntomas físicos y emocionales señalados por los conductores (e.g. dolor de cabeza, dificultades de concentración y memoria) podrían considerarse asociados a fatiga crónica.…”

Section: Globalunclassified

Trabajo y Salud en Conductores de Taxis

Ledesma

Poó²,

Ungaro

et al. 2017

Cienc Trab.

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La conducción de taxis es una actividad potencialmente insalubre. En este artículo se ofrecen los resultados de una investigación que analiza las condiciones de trabajo de los conductores de taxis, las fuentes de preocupación laboral, sus estrategias para afrontarlas, su estado de salud y los hábitos relacionados con su protección. Se espera contribuir a una mejor caracterización de la problemática y aportar datos para su abordaje preventivo. A continuación, ofrecemos un resumen sobre las condiciones laborales de la industria del taxi y su impacto sobre la salud de los trabajadores. RESUMENLa conducción de taxis es una actividad potencialmente insalubre debido a las condiciones laborales que caracterizan la tarea, como la informalidad o la exposición a diferentes fuentes de riesgos para la salud. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue aportar información sobre las condiciones laborales, el estado de salud, los hábitos y las estrategias de afrontamiento de los conductores. En el estudio participaron 421 conductores de taxi. Los datos se obtuvieron por medio de un cuestionario de auto-informe. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos sobre los diferentes aspectos estudiados. Los resultados indicaron que la jornada laboral típica era de 10 o 12 horas, que el riesgo de participar en un siniestro o de ser asaltado durante la jornada laboral era elevado, que los problemas de salud física y emocional más prevalentes eran dolores músculo-esqueléticos, malhumor e irritabilidad, sensación de cansancio y ansiedad, que los hábitos alimenticios eran poco saludables y bajos los niveles de actividad física, y que las estrategias de afrontamiento típicas eran de carácter paliativo e individual. El artículo aporta datos con una población latinoamericana, una región en la que no se ha generado mucha evidencia empírica sobre el problema. Se brindan recomendaciones para posibles intervenciones preventivas. ABSTRACTTaxi driving is a potentially unhealthy activity due to working conditions such as piecework or the exposure to different sources of health risk. Some of the typical problems in the industry have been widely studied (e.g. car crashes) while others have received less attention (e.g. coping strategies). Moreover, most of the research comes from Anglo-Saxon, European or Eastern coutries. Much less is known about the problem in Latin America. The aim of the present paper was to study working conditions and health status in taxi drivers from a Latinamerican country. The study include different aspects of the problem that have been previously studied separately. Participants were 42 taxi drivers, mostly male. A selfadministered questionnaire was used to collect data. Participants gave information about their working conditions, health status, healthy and unhealthy habits, and coping strategies. Results indicated that the typical working day of a taxi driver ranges from 10 to 12 hours; that drivers have an elevated risk of being involved in a car crash or an assault; that the most prevalent physical or emotional problems are musculos...

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“…A handful of studies have collected crash data via both self-reports and state records (e.g., Dalziel & Job, 1997;Hilakivi et al, 1989;Marottoli, Cooney, & Tinetti, 1997;Owsley, Ball, Sloane, Roenker, & Bruni, 1991), and some have included performance on a driving simulator (e.g., Szlyk, Alexander, Severing, & Fishman, 1992;Szlyk, Fishman, Severing, Alexander, & Viana, 1993;Szlyk, Seiple, & Viana, 1995). However, most of these studies have used very restricted and specialized samples (e.g., older adults or participants with specialized medical conditions, such as retinitis pigmentosa and juvenile macular dystrophies).…”

Section: Self-report and Archival Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Convergence of Self-Report and Archival Crash Involvement Data: A Two-Year Longitudinal Follow-Up

et al. 2005

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This study constructively extends Arthur et al. (2001) by assessing the convergence of self-report and archival motor vehicle crash involvement and moving violations data in a 2-year longitudinal follow-up. The relationships among these criteria, conscientiousness, and driving speed were also assessed using both predictive and postdictive criterion-related validation designs. Data were collected from a 2-year follow-up sample of 334 participants. Results suggested a lack of convergence between self-report and archival data at both Time 1 and Time 2. In addition, the predictor/criterion relationships varied across research design and data source. An actual application of our findings is that the interpretation of relationships between specified predictors and crash involvement and moving violations must be made within the context of the criterion-related validation design and criterion data source. Specifically, predictive designs may produce results different from those of postdictive designs (which are more commonly used). Furthermore, self-report data appear to include a broader range of incidents (more crashes and tickets), and thus researchers should consider using self-report data when they are interested in including lower threshold crashes and tickets that may not be reported on state records (e.g., because of the completion of a defensive driving course)

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Motor vehicle accidents, fatigue and optimism bias in taxi drivers

Cited by 139 publications

References 15 publications

The Overconfidence Problem in Insurance Markets

The Overconfidence Problem in Insurance Markets

Trabajo y Salud en Conductores de Taxis

Convergence of Self-Report and Archival Crash Involvement Data: A Two-Year Longitudinal Follow-Up

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