Motor vehicle fatalities during Memorial Day weekends, 1981–2016

Tang, Yuni; Ratnapradipa, Kendra L.; Xiang, Henry; Zhu, Motao

doi:10.1186/s13104-019-4881-0

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Furthermore, we expected to find that stay-at-home compliance directly related to these crash rates, which would be consistent with studies linking volume of traffic and crashes [3,4]: Hypothesis 3: Greater percent of people staying home would be associated with lower crash rates.…”

Section: Current Studysupporting

confidence: 83%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effect of political ideology, stay-at-home rates, and increased risk taking in Ohio drivers during COVID-19 shutdown

Shoots‐Reinhard¹,

Shihab²

2020

Preprint

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In response to COVID-19, Ohio, along with many other states, enacted a stay-at-home order in March to limit the spread of the pandemic. Crashes appear to have fallen as people stayed home, but fatal crashes did not. We investigated whether increases in speeding, alcohol use, or drug use could have taken place to offset the reduction in traffic. In addition, we examined whether support for President Trump would relate to both stay-at-home compliance and rates of crashes. Stay-at-home compliance predicted lower overall crash rate, particularly for less severe crashes, but not for fatal crashes. We did not find evidence that speeding or drug-related crashes increased during the stay-at-home order, but percentage of speed-related crashes was higher in areas with greater stay-at-home compliance. Alcohol-related crashes were involved in a greater proportion of crashes during the shutdown, and as they are more severe, may explain why fatal crashes did not fall. Support for President Trump was related to lower stay-at-home compliance and increased percentage of alcohol-related crashes controlling for median income, rurality, and Appalachian region. The combination of rejection of recommendations from public health officials and increased rates of alcohol-related crashes may put a particular burden on Republicans.

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Section: Current Studysupporting

confidence: 83%

“…This has given researchers the opportunity to examine the effect of a drastic reduction in traffic on crashes. The link between increased traffic (e.g., on holidays) and increased crashes [3][4], suggests that this reduced traffic should have resulted in reduced crashes and fatalities.…”

Section: Effects Of Covid-19 Shutdown On Traffic and Crashesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of political ideology, stay-at-home rates, and increased risk taking in Ohio drivers during COVID-19 shutdown

Shoots‐Reinhard¹,

Shihab²

2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Challenging these established conclusions, recent data looking at sudden cardiac deaths and AAD suggest however that such temporal distribution either fades or become no longer significant, as psychosocial stressors-prominent triggers of cardiovascular accidents-tend to be more evenly distributed across the entire week 42,43 . Significant associations with the first day of the week have also been reported for suicide, road traffic and workplace accidents [44][45][46][47][48][49] .…”

Section: Dst and Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 94%

Daylight saving time affects European mortality patterns

et al. 2022

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Daylight saving time (DST) consists in a one-hour advancement of legal time in spring offset by a backward transition of the same magnitude in fall. It creates a minimal circadian misalignment that could disrupt sleep and homoeostasis in susceptible individuals and lead to an increased incidence of pathologies and accidents during the weeks immediately following both transitions. How this shift affects mortality dynamics on a large population scale remains, however, unknown. This study examines the impact of DST on all-cause mortality in 16 European countries for the period 1998-2012. It shows that mortality decreases in spring and increases in fall during the first two weeks following each DST transition. Moreover, the alignment of time data around DST transition dates revealed a septadian mortality pattern (lowest on Sundays, highest on Mondays) that persists all-year round, irrespective of seasonal variations, in men and women aged above 40.

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“…We controlled for the five-year average crash rates in our analyses examining 2020 crash rates to better observe the relationship between crash rates and the shutdown by controlling for seasonal and other typical influences on crash rates through the year. For example, holiday weekends are associated with higher crash rates [ 3 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This gave researchers the opportunity to examine the effect of a drastic reduction in traffic on crashes. The link between rates of traffic and crashes [ 3 , 4 ] suggests that reduced traffic should have resulted in reduced crashes and fatalities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ironic effects of political ideology and increased risk-taking in Ohio drivers during COVID-19 shutdown

Shihab

Shoots‐Reinhard

2022

PLoS ONE

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In March 2020, Ohio, along with many other states, enacted a stay-at-home order (i.e., “shutdown”) to limit the spread of COVID-19. As a result of lower traffic, crashes should also have declined. We investigated whether crash rates declined in Ohio during the stay-at-home order and explore possible predictors for the decrease, such as reduced travel in compliance with the order, along with speeding, alcohol, and drug use. In addition, we examined whether support for President Trump would relate to greater travel and greater crashes (particularly during the stay-at-home order, when greater travel indicated lower compliance). The overall rate of crashes fell as people stayed home, mainly due to a decline in minor crashes. In contrast, the rate of serious crashes did not fall. Instead, percentage of alcohol-related crashes increased during the stay-at-home order, and the reduction in travel was associated with greater speeding-related crashes. Because alcohol and speeding tend to increase crash severity, these two factors may explain why severe crash rates were not reduced by lower traffic. Instead, it appears that those drivers remaining on the roads during the shutdown may have been more prone to risky behaviors, evidenced by a greater percentage of alcohol-related crashes across the state during the shutdown and greater speed-related crashes in counties with less traffic. In addition, county-level support for President Trump indirectly predicted greater rates of crashes (of all types) via increased travel (i.e., lower compliance with the shutdown), even while controlling for county-level income, rurality, and Appalachian region. Importantly, this mediated effect was stronger during the weeks of the shutdown, when greater travel indicated lower compliance. Thus, lower compliance with the stay-at-home order and increased risky driving behaviors by remaining drivers may explain why lower traffic did not lead to lower serious crashes.

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Motor vehicle fatalities during Memorial Day weekends, 1981–2016

Cited by 4 publications

References 9 publications

Effect of political ideology, stay-at-home rates, and increased risk taking in Ohio drivers during COVID-19 shutdown

Effect of political ideology, stay-at-home rates, and increased risk taking in Ohio drivers during COVID-19 shutdown

Daylight saving time affects European mortality patterns

Ironic effects of political ideology and increased risk-taking in Ohio drivers during COVID-19 shutdown

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