Mott-Insulator States of Ultracold Atoms in Optical Resonators

Larson, Jonas; Damski, Bogdan; Morigi, Giovanna; Lewenstein, Maciej

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.100.050401

Cited by 166 publications

(233 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Our model can readily be generalized by taking into account the atomic motional degrees of freedom [83], interactions between atoms [84], local decoherence, and spontaneous emission [85][86][87]. In particular, our study raises an intriguing question of whether an intrinsically nonunitary DTC can possess absolute stability [82] against arbitrary nonunitary perturbation.…”

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confidence: 99%

Discrete Time-Crystalline Order in Cavity and Circuit QED Systems

2018

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Discrete time crystals are a recently proposed and experimentally observed out-of-equilibrium dynamical phase of Floquet systems, where the stroboscopic evolution of a local observable repeats itself at an integer multiple of the driving period. We address this issue in a driven-dissipative setup, focusing on the modulated open Dicke model, which can be implemented by cavity or circuit QED systems. In the thermodynamic limit, we employ semiclassical approaches and find rich dynamical phases on top of the discrete time-crystalline order. In a deep quantum regime with few qubits, we find clear signatures of a transient discrete time-crystalline behavior, which is absent in the isolated counterpart. We establish a phenomenology of dissipative discrete time crystals by generalizing the Landau theory of phase transitions to Floquet open systems.Introduction.-Phases and phase transitions of matter are key concepts for understanding complex many-body physics [1,2]. Recent experimental developments in various quantum simulators, such as ultracold atoms [3,4], trapped ions [5,6] and superconducting qubits [7,8], motivate us to seek for quantum many-body systems out of equilibrium [9][10][11], such as many-body localized phases [12][13][14][15][16][17] and Floquet topological phases [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25].In recent years, much effort has been devoted to periodically driven (Floquet) quantum many-body systems that break the discrete time-translation symmetry (TTS) [26]. In contrast to the continuous TTS breaking [27][28][29] that has turned out to be impossible at thermal equilibrium [30,31], the discrete TTS breaking has been theoretically proposed [32][33][34][35][36] and experimentally demonstrated [37,38]. Phases with broken discrete TTS feature discrete time-crystalline (DTC) order characterized by periodic oscillations of physical observables with period nT , where T is the Floquet period and n = 2, 3, · · · . The DTC order is expected to be stabilized by many-body interactions against variations of driving parameters. Note that the system is assumed to be in a localized phase [33,34,36,37] or to have long-range interactions [38][39][40]. Otherwise, the DTC order only exists in a prethermalized regime [41,42] since the system will eventually be heated to a featureless infinite-temperature state due to persistent driving [43][44][45].While remarkable progresses are being made concerning the DTC phase, most studies focus on isolated systems. Indeed, as has been experimentally observed [37,38] and theoretically investigated [46], the DTC order in an open system is usually destroyed by decoherence. On the other hand, it is known that dissipation and decoherence can also serve as resources for quantum tasks such as quantum computation [47] and metrology [48]. From this perspective, it is natural to ask whether the DTC order exists and can even be stabilized in open systems [49]. Such a possibility has actually been pointed out in Ref. [41], but neither a detailed theoretical model nor a concrete experimental imp...

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confidence: 99%

Discrete Time-Crystalline Order in Cavity and Circuit QED Systems

2018

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“…Transition from Mott insulator state to superfluidity of atoms [78] in an optical lattice coupled to a vibrating mirror has been analyzed, as an example of a strongly interacting quantum system subject to the optomechanical interaction [79]. Recently, a comprehensive strategy for using quantum computers to solve models of strongly correlated electrons, using the Hubbard model as a prototypical example has been reported [80].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of Fano resonances and slow light using Bose-Einstein condensates in a nanocavity

et al. 2017

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In this study, a standing wave in an optical nanocavity with Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) constitutes a one-dimensional optical lattice potential in the presence of a finite two bodies atomic interaction. We report that the interaction of a BEC with a standing field in an optical cavity coherently evolves to exhibit Fano resonances in the output field at the probe frequency. The behaviour of the reported resonance shows an excellent compatibility with the original formulation of asymmetric resonance as discovered by Fano [U. Fano, Phys. Rev. 124, 1866(1961]. Based on our analytical and numerical results, we find that the Fano resonances and subsequently electromagnetically induced transparency of the probe pulse can be controlled through the intensity of the cavity standing wave field and the strength of the atom-atom interaction in the BEC. In addition, enhancement of the slow light effect by the strength of the atom-atom interaction and its robustness against the condensate fluctuations are realizable using presently available technology.

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“…In such a setup, a modified Bose-Hubbard model of the bosonic quantum gas can be reached and the influence of cavity-induced, longrange interactions between the atoms onto the superfluid to Mott-insulator phase transition has been investigated [6,[25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cavity-induced chiral states of fermionic quantum gases

2016

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We investigate ultra-cold fermions placed into an optical cavity and subjected to optical lattices which confine the atoms to ladder structures. A transverse running-wave laser beam induces together with the dynamical cavity field a two-photon Raman-assisted tunneling process with spatially dependent phase imprint along the rungs of the ladders. We identify the steady states which can occur by the feedback mechanism between the cavity field and the atoms. We find the spontaneous emergence of a finite cavity field amplitude which leads to an artificial magnetic field felt by the fermionic atoms. These form a chiral insulating or chiral liquid state carrying a chiral current. We explore the rich state diagram as a function of the power of the transverse laser beam, the atomic filling, and the phase imprint during the cavity-induced tunneling. Both a sudden onset or a slow exponential activation with the transverse laser power of the self-organized chiral states can occur.

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Mott-Insulator States of Ultracold Atoms in Optical Resonators

Cited by 166 publications

References 29 publications

Discrete Time-Crystalline Order in Cavity and Circuit QED Systems

Discrete Time-Crystalline Order in Cavity and Circuit QED Systems

Control of Fano resonances and slow light using Bose-Einstein condensates in a nanocavity

Cavity-induced chiral states of fermionic quantum gases

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