Mountain beech (<i>Nothofagus solandri</i>var.<i>cliffortioides</i>) decline in the Kaweka Range, North Island, New Zealand

Hosking, G. P.; Hutcheson, John A.

doi:10.1080/0028825x.1988.10410642

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…5; Table A3), multi-year droughts have repeatedly triggered widespread Eucalyptus and Corymbia mortality (Fensham and Holman, 1999;Rice et al, 2004;Fensham and Fairfax, 2007), and have also caused tree death in Acacia woodlands (Fensham and Fairfax, 2005). There is also documentation of drought-induced mortality in temperate Nothofagus forests in New Zealand (Hosking and Hutcheson, 1988).…”

Section: Examples Of Recent Climate-induced Forest Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 97%

A global overview of drought and heat-induced tree mortality reveals emerging climate change risks for forests

Allen

Macalady

Chenchouni

et al. 2010

Forest Ecology and Management

6,196

107

4,328

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A B S T R A C T Greenhouse gas emissions have significantly altered global climate, and will continue to do so in the future. Increases in the frequency, duration, and/or severity of drought and heat stress associated with climate change could fundamentally alter the composition, structure, and biogeography of forests in many regions. Of particular concern are potential increases in tree mortality associated with climateinduced physiological stress and interactions with other climate-mediated processes such as insect outbreaks and wildfire. Despite this risk, existing projections of tree mortality are based on models that lack functionally realistic mortality mechanisms, and there has been no attempt to track observations of climate-driven tree mortality globally. Here we present the first global assessment of recent tree mortality attributed to drought and heat stress. Although episodic mortality occurs in the absence of climate change, studies compiled here suggest that at least some of the world's forested ecosystems already may be responding to climate change and raise concern that forests may become increasingly vulnerable to higher background tree mortality rates and die-off in response to future warming and drought, even in environments that are not normally considered water-limited. This further suggests risks to ecosystem services, including the loss of sequestered forest carbon and associated atmospheric feedbacks. Our review also identifies key information gaps and scientific uncertainties that currently hinder our ability to predict tree mortality in response to climate change and emphasizes the need for a globally coordinated observation system. Overall, our review reveals the potential for amplified tree mortality due to drought and heat in forests worldwide.Published by Elsevier B.V.

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Section: Examples Of Recent Climate-induced Forest Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 97%

A global overview of drought and heat-induced tree mortality reveals emerging climate change risks for forests

Allen

Macalady

Chenchouni

et al. 2010

Forest Ecology and Management

6,196

107

4,328

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…NM, Buller (69287). Hosking & Hutcheson (1988) reported that Nodulisporium sp. was consistently isolated from wilting twigs of Nothofagus solandri var.…”

Section: Junghuhniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Checklist of fungi onNothofagusspecies in New Zealand

McKenzie

Buchanan

Johnston

2000

New Zealand Journal of Botany

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An annotated list is provided of 906 taxa of fungi (including oomycetes and myxomycetes) which have been recorded in New Zealand in close association with the five endemic taxa of Nothofagus (southern beech), as ectomycorrhizal mycobionts, pathogens, or saprobes causing decay of wood and leaves. The list has been compiled from data associated with specimens held in Herbarium PDD and in Herbarium NZFRI(M), and from the literature. Nothofagus forests are an important conservation resource, and a vast storehouse for New Zealand fungi; approximately 35% of the known New Zealand agaric mycota are associated with Nothofagus, and 50% of the known polypore species. Of the 226 named species of ectomycorrhizal fungi found in New Zealand beech forests (205 agarics, 19 Aphyllophorales -clavarioid, hydnoid, etc., 1 ascomycete, 1 mitosporic fungus), about 90% are native, with most of these being endemic. Six mycorrhizal agaric genera are especially well represented: Amanita (11 species), Cortinarius (57 speties), Democybe (11 species), Inocybe (13 species), Russula (23 species), and Thaxterogaster (13 species). Few pathogens have been recorded. The most conspicuous of these are three Cyttaria spp. (beech 899036

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“…In the absence of exogenous stand-destroying disturbance, synchronous stand dieback is an important component of forest change in pure stands of Fuscospora spp., initiated by snow break, wind damage, drought, and insect attack, for example (Wardle & Allen 1983;Hosking & Hutcheson 1988;Ogden 1988;Ogden et al 1996). Either one or a combination of these stressors can initiate dieback, and initial mortality from one stressor may lead to further mortality from another (Ogden et al 1996).…”

Section: Descriptions Of Forest Change For New Zealand Beech Forestsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Zealand forest dynamics: a review of past and present vegetation responses to disturbance, and development of conceptual forest models

Wyse¹,

Wilmshurst²,

Burns³

et al. 2018

NZ J Ecol

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New Zealand forests have been and are shaped by a suite of disturbance types that vary in both their spatial extent and frequency of recurrence. Post-disturbance forest dynamics can be complex, non-linear, and involve multiple potential pathways depending on the nature of a perturbation, site conditions, and history. To capture the full range of spatial and temporal dynamics that shape forest ecosystems in a given area, we need to use and synthesise data sources that collectively capture all the relevant space-time scales. Here we integrate palaeoecological data with contemporary ecological evidence to build conceptual models describing post-disturbance dynamics in New Zealand (NZ) forests, encompassing large temporal and spatial scales. We review NZ forest disturbance regimes, focussing primarily on geological and geomorphic disturbances and weather-related disturbances but also considering the role of anthropogenic disturbance in shaping present-day NZ forests. Combining information from 58 studies of post-disturbance forest succession, we derive conceptual models and describe forest communities and forest change for conifer-angiosperm (including kauri forest), and beech forests (pure and mixed). The methods used in these studies included chronosequences, assessments of stand dynamics, longitudinal studies, palaeoecological reconstructions, and comparisons with historical observations; the temporal range of the studies extended from 15 years to millennia (c. 14 000 years BP). Our models capture the generalities of NZ forest dynamics, and can be used to support modelling and help guide decision-making in areas such as ecosystem restoration. However, this generality limits model resolution, meaning the models do not always portray the specific features of individual sites and successional pathways. There is, therefore, scope for more detailed, site-specific development and refinement of these frameworks. Finally, our models capture successional pathways and native plant communities from the past and present; invasive species, climate change, and exotic plant pathogens are likely to alter future forest dynamics in novel and unpredictable ways. These models, however, provide us with baselines against which to interpret and assess the impacts of such effects on forest composition and processes.

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Mountain beech (Nothofagus solandrivar.cliffortioides) decline in the Kaweka Range, North Island, New Zealand

Cited by 18 publications

References 6 publications

A global overview of drought and heat-induced tree mortality reveals emerging climate change risks for forests

A global overview of drought and heat-induced tree mortality reveals emerging climate change risks for forests

Checklist of fungi onNothofagusspecies in New Zealand

New Zealand forest dynamics: a review of past and present vegetation responses to disturbance, and development of conceptual forest models

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