Mountain invasions on the way: are there climatic constraints for the expansion of alien woody species along an elevation gradient in Argentina?

Tecco, Paula A.; Pais-Bosch, Ana I.; Funes, Guillermo; Marcora, Paula Inés; Zeballos, Sebastián Rodolfo; Cabido, Marcelo; Urcelay, Carlos

doi:10.1093/jpe/rtv064

Cited by 59 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…(Marcora et al 2008), suggests that woody physiognomic types do not have an elevation restriction in the study gradient. Moreover, it provides further support to local studies reporting successful establishment and growth of woody species, either natives or aliens, along the whole elevation gradient in C ordoba Mountains (Marcora et al 2008(Marcora et al , 2013Giorgis et al 2011a,b;Pais Bosch et al 2012;Tecco et al 2016;Urcelay et al 2017). These findings support the old vegetation description provided by Kurtz (1904), in which all the area below 1700 m a.s.l.…”

Section: Elevation and Vegetationsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…7.4°C (De Fina 1992;Marcora et al 2008). Along with the cooling of climate as elevation increase, precipitation and soil moisture content also increases (Colladon 2014;Tecco et al 2016). At the upper parts of the mountains, mean annual precipitation reaches 900 mm, while at low elevations there is a marked rainfall regional gradient from east (annual rainfall >700 mm) to west (annual rainfall <500 mm), with most rainfall concentrated in the warmer months.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changes in floristic composition and physiognomy are decoupled along elevation gradients in central Argentina

Giorgis

Cingolani

Gurvich

et al. 2017

Applied Vegetation Science

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Questions Most vegetation descriptions tacitly assume that floristic composition and physiognomy are tightly linked. However, the two vegetation properties may not respond in a similar way to environmental and disturbance gradients, leading to uninformed management planning and difficulties when attempting to restore degraded ecosystems. In this context, we addressed two main questions: (1) how close are relations between floristic and physiognomic types as defined by numerical vegetation classification in mountain ecosystems; and (2) how are floristic and physiognomic types distributed along the elevation gradient? Location Central mountains of Argentina, between 500 and 1700 m a.s.l. Methods We selected 437 sites where we performed complete floristic and physiognomic relevés. We classified eight physiognomic and eight floristic types. We tested the relationship between the two classifications through a chi square analysis. We tested the association between elevation and each physiognomic and floristic type with random permutations. Results In general, floristic types were significantly and positively associated with more than one physiognomic type and vice versa. Physiognomic and floristic types responded differently to the elevation gradient. Floristic types were restricted to different sections of the gradient, although having large overlap among them. In contrast, seven out of the eight physiognomic types did not show elevation restriction, being distributed along the complete elevation gradient. The open low woodland with shrubs was the only restricted physiognomy, significantly absent from the upper part of the gradient. Conclusions We highlight the importance of considering the two vegetation properties independently when characterizing vegetation patterns in heterogeneous systems, since they show decoupled responses to environmental gradients. We note that the assumption of a direct link between floristic composition and physiognomy may induce bias into the understanding of vegetation patterns and processes. Hence, we encourage managers and restoration practitioners to consider the complete range of possible physiognomic types under each floristic type.

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Section: Elevation and Vegetationsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in floristic composition and physiognomy are decoupled along elevation gradients in central Argentina

Giorgis

Cingolani

Gurvich

et al. 2017

Applied Vegetation Science

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“…Montane and alpine regions, where climate conditions are harsh to most species, are not ‘immune’ to woody invasion as long as the woody species can reach them (Tecco et al . ). Our analysis is based only on spatial patterns of certain land cover types.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Geographic versus environmental space: Patterns of potential native and exotic woody propagule pressure on New Zealand's indigenous grasslands

Hua

Ohlemüller

2018

N Z Geog

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Indigenous grassland ecosystems worldwide are increasingly subject to shrub encroachment. A key factor determining encroachment patterns is the availability of shrub propagules in the areas surrounding the grasslands. We here provide a multi‐scale spatial analysis of the geographic distribution (geographic space) and the climatic conditions (environmental space) of potential native and exotic shrub propagule pressure for New Zealand's main grassland types. We show that alpine grasslands are most at risk from native, and low‐producing grasslands are most at risk from exotic shrub propagule pressure. Inferred spatial patterns of potential propagule pressure differ between the local, landscape and regional scale.

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“…Exotic species often originate from warm, lowland regions, and are therefore expected to have a restricted elevational range in the invaded temperate mountain areas (Pyšek, Sádlo, Mandák, & Jarošík, 2003). However, a subset of exotic plants can be generalists with a wide thermal breadth that are potentially able to establish and spread also at high elevations when both colonization opportunities and propagules are available (Pauchard et al, 2009;Alexander et al, 2011;Tecco et al, 2016;McDougall et al, 2018).…”

Section: Corcos Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishment dynamics of native and exotic plants after disturbance along roadsides

Corcos

Nascimbene

Campesan

et al. 2020

Applied Vegetation Science

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Questions How does small‐scale soil disturbance influence establishment dynamics of native and exotic species along roadsides? Does soil disturbance provide potential opportunities to exotic invasions along elevational gradients? Does the established plant community after disturbance reflect the surrounding vegetation? Location Prealps, Italy. Methods To disentangle the role of elevation and soil disturbance in promoting exotic invasions, we performed a manipulative experiment along 12 roads spanning an elevational gradient of ca. 1,200 m. Additionally, we sampled species richness of native and exotic plants in the surroundings of the experimental plots. Results Soil disturbance reduced species richness of native plants, total plant biomass and vegetation cover compared to the undisturbed plots. The decrease in species richness of natives and plant biomass was stronger at higher than lower elevations, suggesting higher colonization opportunities for exotics. However, exotic species richness did not increase with disturbance, probably due to a low propagule and colonization pressure. We observed strong species replacement between control and disturbed plots, indicating that plant communities established after disturbance were not a subset of species communities already occurring in the surrounding vegetation. Conclusions With increasing elevation, disturbance had a stronger negative effect on native than on exotic species. Higher elevations, hitherto considered to have low invasibility, may provide new potential colonization opportunities for exotics but only if disturbance is coupled with an increased propagule pressure. Disturbance along roadsides promoted the establishment of species that did not occur in the surrounding vegetation.

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Mountain invasions on the way: are there climatic constraints for the expansion of alien woody species along an elevation gradient in Argentina?

Cited by 59 publications

References 58 publications

Changes in floristic composition and physiognomy are decoupled along elevation gradients in central Argentina

Changes in floristic composition and physiognomy are decoupled along elevation gradients in central Argentina

Geographic versus environmental space: Patterns of potential native and exotic woody propagule pressure on New Zealand's indigenous grasslands

Establishment dynamics of native and exotic plants after disturbance along roadsides

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