Mountain Pastoralism in the Eastern Hindu Kush: The Case of Lotkuh Valley, Pakistan

Ahmad, Zahir; Postigo, Julio C.; Rahman, Fazlur; Dittmann, Andreas

doi:10.1659/mrd-journal-d-21-00007.1

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Similar to other rural mountain communities of world (Fang et al, 2014;Khatiwada et al, 2017;Ahmad et al, 2021) the people of the study area combine diverse set of on-farm and off-farm income generating activities and construct a portfolio of livelihood activities as a viable economic strategy for livelihood sustenance and to avoid risk, maximize self-sufficiency and mainmize seasonality. The livelihood strategies of the mountain inhabitants are highly dynamic and new services are adding in the domain of the livelihood strategies especially after establishment of national park.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Researchers around the world have identified serveal drivers of food and livelihood insecurity. However, the underling driving forces of hunger and malnutrition are climate change, desertification, extreme weather event, population growth, poverty, and armed conflicts (Gohar & Cashman, 2016;Ahmad, et al, 2021).…”

Section: Literature Review Food Insecuritymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This economic system is known as 'vertical control' (Casimir & Rao, 1985) or 'verticality' (Guillet et al, 1986). It is also characterized by and associated with the movement of people and animals in vertical space, communal control of pastures combined with individual control of fields, and social institutions that schedule the intricate movements in space and time (Rhoades & Thompson, 1975;Ehlers, 2000Ehlers, , 2008Ahmad et al, 2021).…”

Section: Mountain Agriculture /Agro-pastoralismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main factors of seasonal movement are seasonal productivity of land resources (both agricultural land and pasture land), multiple house ownership, pleasant weather, explosive bill of electricity and seasonal job opportunities in SMNP. Based on these varying resources potential, the inhabitants of the study area have established their own specific agropastoral system to manage and utilize geographically segregated and seasonally productive resources (Ehlers 1997;Ahmad, et al 2021) which present adaptive responses to the high altitude condition of the study area (Ehlers, 1997;Fischer, 2000). For effective utilization and proper management of these resources mountain inhabitants have developed an intricate system of seasonal movement.…”

Section: Seasonal Movement-a Creative Adjustment Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on these resources, inhabitants of the study area have established their own specific agro-pastoral system to manage and utilize integrating geographically separated and seasonally productive resources which present adaptive responses to the high altitude condition of the study area (cf. Ehlers, 1996;Ahmad, 2021;Ahmad et al, 2021). In order to proper utilization of agro-pastoral resources, local inhabitants are practicing an intricate seasonal movement.…”

Section: Concluionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Food Insecurity in the Western Himalaya: the Changing Pattern of Agro-Pastoral Activities and its Impact on Saif-Ul-Malook National Park, Pakistan

Ahmad¹

2022

PSSR

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This study explores the impact of poverty, and the changing pattern of agro-pastoral activities on Saif-ul-Malook National Park. For this purpose, data were collected from both primary and secondary sources. However, this study is mainly based on primary data. Primary data were collected from field survery through questionnaire survery, foucs group discussion and interview in August/September, 2018. A total number of 150 households were interviewed as a representative sample through random sampling technique. The collected data were analyzed through descriptive, inferential statistical techniques and cartographic methods. In order to check the econometric problems (i.e. heteroscedasticity and multicollinerity) in the assumption of ordinary least square (OLS) model, different diagnostics tests were employed and result of all the tests show the absence of any econometric problems in the model. The result of multi-regression shows that female-headed households of the study area are the 'poorest of the poor' and are more vulnerable and prone to poverty than men and face more barriers to lifting themselves out of poverty. This study indicates that agricultural transformation and cash crop cultivation have negative impact on poverty and improved food and livelihood security, ultimately improving the living standard of mountain people. Furthermore, it is inferred that the bio-physical environment of the Saif-ul-Malook national park is deteriorating and its sustainability calls for an immediate action to reduce the ever increasing human and livestock pressure on park resources.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Literature Review Food Insecuritymentioning

confidence: 99%