Mouse Complement: Influence of Sex Hormones on Its Activity

Weintraub, Ronald M.; Churchill, W. Hallowell; Crisler, Crile; Rapp, Herbert J.; Borsos, Tibor

doi:10.1126/science.152.3723.783

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The results, summarized in Table XII, show that there was no significant difference in the time of rejection of skin in all four groups of mice. DISCUSSION We have reported that the administration of testosterone or estradiol to mice influences the titer of at least one of the serum complement components which act after the first, second, and fourth components (9). The overall titer of these late-acting components (C'm-EDTA), usually 8-10 times greater in males than in females, increased 1.5-4 times after treatment of mice with testosterone.…”

Section: I' / 6 I Lo5mentioning

confidence: 87%

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Mouse Complement: The Effect of Sex Hormones and Castration on Two of the Late-Acting Components

Churchill

Weintraub

Borsos

et al. 1967

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

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The titer of late-acting complement components in sera from male mice is 8–10 times higher than the titer of sera from female mice. Using assays developed to measure the serum content of two of the late-acting components, we have shown that this difference is due to the effect of androgen and estrogen on these two late-acting complement components. These two components have been tentatively identified as C'5 and C'6. Androgen and estrogen have greater effect on C'6 than on C'5. The possibility has not been excluded that still other of the late-acting complement components are affected by androgens and estrogens. The course of homograft rejection was unchanged in mice deficient in C'5 and C'6.

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Section: I' / 6 I Lo5mentioning

confidence: 87%

“…The study of genetic and hormonal control of complement may lead to a better understanding of the role of complement in a variety of biological processes (6,9,10). Accordingly, we studied the effect of castration and the in vivo effect of exogenous testosterone and estradiol upon mouse complement.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mouse Complement: The Effect of Sex Hormones and Castration on Two of the Late-Acting Components

Churchill

Weintraub

Borsos

et al. 1967

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

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“…The H-2 complex as well as sex hormones influence the levels of several C components in mice (19)(20)(21)(22)(23). Fig.…”

Section: Effects Of H-2 Type and Sex Of Mice On The Levels Of Ss-bpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Purification and characterization of mouse serum protein with specific binding affinity for C4 (Ss protein)

Ferreira¹,

Takahashi²,

Nussenzweig³

1977

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

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A new component of the complement (C).system, with a specific binding affinity for the activated Ss-protein (C4) has been identified in mouse serum. This protein, named Ss- (or C4)-binding protein (Ss-bp), was purified about 200 times from mouse plasma. Ss-bp is a heat stable (56 degrees C, 60 rain) β-globulin with a sedimentation coefficient in sucrose density ultracentrifugation of 10s. Its concentration in serum of adult male and female mice is 160 and 60 μg/ml, respectively. In EDTA-plasma, Ss and Ss-bp are not associated and can be separated by chromatography in Sephadex G-200. However, in serum Ss-bp binds tightly to Ss. The bonds between these proteins cannot be reversed by chelation of divalent cations. As a consequence of the formation of Ss/Ss-bp complexes, the properties of Ss-bp appear to be quite different in serum of mice with high (Ss-H) or low (Ss-L) levels of Ss-protein. In Ss-H serum, all of Ss- bp is bound to Ss. In Ss-L serum, Ss-bp is mostly free. Because the electrophoretic mobilities of free and complexed Ss-bp are quite different, Ss-bp appears to be polymorphic in serum (but not in EDTA- plasma). The strict dependency of the apparent electrophoretic mobility of Ss-bp on the levels of Ss in serum was demonstrated in a series of congenic mice and among the progeny of a cross between Ss-H and Ss-L strains of mice. Without exception, the slow and fast varieties of Ss-bp were associated with the Ss-L and Ss-H traits. Ss-bp of the slow variety can be transformed into the fast variety by addition of pure human C4, or C4-sufficient guinea pig serum, to Ss-L serum. In both instances Ss-bp formed stable complexes with C4 or a C4- derived peptide. These findings highlight the binding specificity of Ss- bp for the fourth component of the complement system, and in addition they demonstrate a functional homology between the Ss-protein and C4 from two different species.

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“…Evidence from animal experimentation also substantiates the concept of a sex difference in susceptibility. Studies have included comparison of resistance and immune response of males and females to various infectious agents (15,20,29,35,36,39), the effects of administering sex hormones (16, 17, 37, 38, [40][41][42][43]47), changes during pregnancy (19,24), and the influence of castration (3,33). Nicol and co-workers (31,32) have emphasized the role of the estrogen hormones, concluding that "our results to date suggest that estrogen is the principal natural stimulant of body defense in both the male and the female .…”

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Differential Susceptibility of Male and Female Mice to Encephalomyocarditis Virus: Effects of Castration, Adrenalectomy, and the Administration of Sex Hormones

1972

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Male mice have been noted to be more susceptible to encephalomyocarditis (EMC) virus than female animals. Castration of male mice abolished this difference and resulted in enhanced resistance similar to that of female mice. This increase in resistance in castrated males could be eliminated by adrenalectomy. Adrenalectomy alone increased susceptibility in male mice but not in female mice. The administration of a long-acting preparation of testosterone markedly increased susceptibility both in castrated male and female mice, as well as in intact females. Testosterone also had a similar effect in immature mice of both sexes. On the other hand, estradiol, but not progesterone, increased susceptibility to EMC virus in castrated mice of both sexes. These data indicate that testicular, ovarian, and adrenal hormones may influence resistance to EMC virus in the mouse and may be critical determinants of the clinical outcome of infection with this virus. 637 on July 15, 2020 by guest http://iai.asm.org/ Downloaded from

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Mouse Complement: Influence of Sex Hormones on Its Activity

Cited by 22 publications

References 11 publications

Mouse Complement: The Effect of Sex Hormones and Castration on Two of the Late-Acting Components

Mouse Complement: The Effect of Sex Hormones and Castration on Two of the Late-Acting Components

Purification and characterization of mouse serum protein with specific binding affinity for C4 (Ss protein)

Differential Susceptibility of Male and Female Mice to Encephalomyocarditis Virus: Effects of Castration, Adrenalectomy, and the Administration of Sex Hormones

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