Mouse Models for Studying Hippocampal Adult Neural Stem Cell Biology

Semerci, Fatih; Parkitny, Luke; Maletić-Savatić, Mirjana

doi:10.1007/978-1-0716-1008-4_4

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…While much progress has been made, the lack of identified unique live-cell markers still presents a significant roadblock to basic and translational research [243,244]. The transition from NSC, to NPC, to neuroblast, and to mature neuron involves a spectrum of change that is associated with gradual shifts in morphology, the transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome, including changes in subcellular organelles such as mitochondria and autophagosome, while the newborn cells in moving from the SGZ into the granule cell layer terminal location.…”

Section: Cell Identity and Relationshipsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glial PAMPering and DAMPening of Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis

Parkitny

Maletić-Savatić

2021

Brain Sciences

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Adult neurogenesis represents a mature brain’s capacity to integrate newly generated neurons into functional circuits. Impairment of neurogenesis contributes to the pathophysiology of various mood and cognitive disorders such as depression and Alzheimer’s Disease. The hippocampal neurogenic niche hosts neural progenitors, glia, and vasculature, which all respond to intrinsic and environmental cues, helping determine their current state and ultimate fate. In this article we focus on the major immune communication pathways and mechanisms through which glial cells sense, interact with, and modulate the neurogenic niche. We pay particular attention to those related to the sensing of and response to innate immune danger signals. Receptors for danger signals were first discovered as a critical component of the innate immune system response to pathogens but are now also recognized to play a crucial role in modulating non-pathogenic sterile inflammation. In the neurogenic niche, viable, stressed, apoptotic, and dying cells can activate danger responses in neuroimmune cells, resulting in neuroprotection or neurotoxicity. Through these mechanisms glial cells can influence hippocampal stem cell fate, survival, neuronal maturation, and integration. Depending on the context, such responses may be appropriate and on-target, as in the case of learning-associated synaptic pruning, or excessive and off-target, as in neurodegenerative disorders.

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Section: Cell Identity and Relationshipsmentioning

confidence: 99%