Mouth breathing in children with learning disorders

Fensterseifer, Giovana Serrão; Carpes, Oswaldo; Weckx, Luc Louis Maurice; Martha, Viviane Feller

doi:10.5935/1808-8694.20130111

Cited by 18 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…SBD symptoms in the SLD corroborate the hypothesis reported in previous studies that changes in the respiratory pattern can lead to nocturnal sleep fragmentation -altering its cycle, and affect language development and academic performance (26,27) . Regarding behavior analysis, the present study showed high prevalence of altered behaviors in the SLD, with emphasis on attention problems.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Correlação entre o perfil do sono e o comportamento em indivíduos com transtorno específico da aprendizagem

Franklin

Giacheti

Silva

et al. 2018

CoDAS

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RESUMO Objetivo Correlacionar o sono e o comportamento em indivíduos com transtorno específico da aprendizagem. Método Na análise do sono, foram utilizados o Questionário de Hábitos Gerais de Sono, o Diário de Sono e a Escala de Distúrbios do Sono em Crianças (EDSC) e, para análise do comportamento, foi utilizado o Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Resultados 65,5% dos indivíduos com transtorno específico de aprendizagem apresentaram indicativo de distúrbios de sono, sendo os mais frequentes os distúrbios de transição sono-vigília e escores totais para distúrbios de sono acima do aceitável. Além disso, os indivíduos com transtorno específico de aprendizagem apresentaram maior latência de sono que o respectivo grupo controle. Quanto ao comportamento, 72,4% dos indivíduos com transtorno específico de aprendizagem apresentaram quadro clínico de problemas comportamentais. No grupo controle, nenhum dos participantes apresentou indicativo de problemas de sono ou comportamento. No grupo transtorno específico de aprendizagem, os distúrbios de sono encontrados apresentaram correlação com os problemas comportamentais. Conclusão Indivíduos com transtorno específico da aprendizagem apresentaram altos índices de distúrbios de sono e alterações comportamentais. Quanto piores os distúrbios de sono, piores foram os aspectos comportamentais dos indivíduos com transtorno específico da aprendizagem.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Correlação entre o perfil do sono e o comportamento em indivíduos com transtorno específico da aprendizagem

Franklin

Giacheti

Silva

et al. 2018

CoDAS

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“…Kurnatowski et al have reported that children with hypertrophy of the pharyngeal tonsils attained lower marks than healthy children in neuropsychological tests (23). Fensterseifer et al also reported that children with learning disabilities have a higher prevalence of hypertrophic tonsils or adenoids compared to children with normal school performance (24). Therefore, it has been assumed that the loss of normal nasal humidification and the warming of inspired air due to mouth breathing in these children might be responsible for changes in the diffusion capacity or viscosity of surfactant and might become a potent stimulus for bronchiolar obstruction (25).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influences of mouth breathing on memory and learning ability in growing rats

Tsubamoto-Sano

Ohtani²,

Ueda

et al. 2019

J Oral Sci

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This study was to investigate the influences of habitual mouth breathing on memory and learning ability during the growth period. At age 5 weeks, the experimental rats were subjected to surgery to close completely one side of the nasal cavity. An 8-arm radial maze was used to evaluate memory and learning ability at age 7, 11, and 15 weeks. Moreover, the brain was extracted at age 7, 11, and 15 weeks, and subjected to histomorphometric examination for the distribution and number of pyramidal cells in the hippocampal CA1 and CA3 regions after Nissl staining. The trial time to accomplish each task was significantly longer in the experimental group than in the control group throughout the experimental period. The number of pyramidal cells was significantly less in the experimental rats than in controls in both the CA1 and CA3 regions for the entire experimental period. Thus, the functional deterioration of the respiratory system during the growth phase exerts a substantial effect on the growth and development of the central nervous system.

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“…Nasal congestion may lead to craniofacial changes, including mouth breathing, maximum protrusion, and adenoid facies (Harari et al, ; Pirilä‐Parkkinen et al, ). Indeed, children with adenoid hypertrophy, allergic rhinitis, and oral respiration caused by nasal congestion exhibit deficits in their comprehensive, mathematical, and academic abilities and working memory compared with healthy children (Fensterseifer et al, ; Kuroishi et al, ; Walker et al, ). However, few studies have examined changes in memory and learning ability related to nasal obstruction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent study found that children who do not use mouth breathing exhibit better reading comprehension, arithmetic skills, and working memory function when compared with children who use mouth breathing (Kuroishi et al, 2015). Moreover, adenoidal hypertrophy and allergic rhinitis were found to lead to poor academic ability (Fensterseifer, Carpes, Weckx, & Martha, 2013;Walker et al, 2007) and high stress levels (Kim, Kim, Park, Kim, & Choi, 2017) during adolescence. Furthermore, a previous study showed that stress induces hippocampal atrophy and memory loss (Sapolsky, 2000).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nasal obstruction during adolescence induces memory/learning impairments associated with BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway hypofunction and high corticosterone levels

Ogawa

Okihara

Kokai

et al. 2018

J of Neuroscience Research

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The hippocampus is an important brain region involved in memory and learning. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), tyrosine kinase receptor B (TrkB), and phospho-p44/p42 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) are known to contribute to hippocampal memory/learning. The present study aimed to clarify the effects of nasal obstruction during the growth period on memory/learning in an animal model, using combined behavioral, biochemical, and histological approaches. Male BALB/C mice underwent unilateral nasal obstruction (UNO) by cauterization at 8 days of age and were subjected to Y-maze and passive avoidance tests at 15 weeks of age. The serum corticosterone levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and brain tissues were subjected to hematoxylin-eosin staining and histological analysis or homogenization and Western blot analysis. Compared with control mice, UNO mice had lower blood oxygen saturation levels and exhibited apparent memory/learning impairments during behavioral testing. Additionally, the UNO group had higher hippocampal BDNF levels and serum corticosterone levels, lower hippocampal TrkB and phospho-p44/p42 MAPK levels, and reduced neuron numbers relative to controls. Our findings suggest that UNO during adolescence affects the hippocampus and causes memory/learning impairments.

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Mouth breathing in children with learning disorders

Abstract: Based on this study, we concluded that children with adenotonsillar hypertrophy have more learning difficulties when compared to children without such hypertrophy.

Cited by 18 publications

References 13 publications

Correlação entre o perfil do sono e o comportamento em indivíduos com transtorno específico da aprendizagem

Correlação entre o perfil do sono e o comportamento em indivíduos com transtorno específico da aprendizagem

Influences of mouth breathing on memory and learning ability in growing rats

Nasal obstruction during adolescence induces memory/learning impairments associated with BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway hypofunction and high corticosterone levels

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