T h i s a r t i c l e r e v i e w s t h e l i t e r a t u r e o n t h e identification of landholder typologies that can be used to assist the design and delivery of naturaldifferences lead to variation in the impacts of policies and programs across the community. The development of classification schemes to help understand the range of variation in a phenomenon and to assist in interpreting the reasons for, and effects of, the variety is characteristic of the development of any scientific discipline (Kostrowicki 1977 Kobrich et al. 2003;Emtage 2004aEmtage , 2004b. There is also considerable interest in being able to track effectively the impacts of financial assistance and economic development programs on landholders in varying circumstances and with differing life values (Johnson 2002; AAFC 2002). Anthropologists, marketing professionals and political analysts, whose task it is to track public opinions, have for a long time sought to identify homogeneous clusters or groups of people in the community.This type of approach can be applied to identify groups (or types) of landholders in relation to NRM. Developing a landholder 'typology' is one way of avoiding a blanket a p p r o a c h t o l a n d h o l d e r s , a n d a t t h e s a m e t i m e recognising that it is impossible to have policies and programs tailored to each individual. One advantage of developing a landholder typology is that it provides a multi-dimensional profile of landholders and the interrelationships between their values, attitudes, informationseeking behaviour, socio-economic characteristics and N R M p r a c t i c e s . A n i n t i m a t e u n d e r s t a n d i n g o f landholders' circumstances, values and capacities is needed for successful engagement and development programs (see, for example, Aslin and Brown 2004). Studies that have investigated landholders' capacity to adopt sustainable NRM practices have typically provided
* Nick Emtage was formerly