Movement Patterns and Their Associations With Pain, Function, and Hip Morphology in Individuals With Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome: A Scoping Review

Abstract

Objective Synthesize studies of movement patterns and their association with hip pain, function/activity, and morphology in individuals with femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS). Methods PubMed, SPORTDiscus, CINAHL, Embase, and Scopus databases were searched using predefined terms. Two authors independently reviewed abstracts and full texts. Studies were included if they enrolled individuals with FAIS, reported kinematic or kinetic data during movement tasks, and tested its associations with either hip pain, function/activity, or morphology. Exclusion criteria were: studies did not evaluate associations between movement patters and either pain, function/activity, or hip morphology. Additionally, studies with hip conditions other than FAIS, case reports, conference proceedings, review articles, and non-English studies were excluded. Descriptive consolidation and qualitative synthesis were performed for the included studies. Results Of the 1155 potential studies, 5 studies met all eligibility criteria. Movement patterns were evaluated during walking (n = 4) and squatting (n = 1). Studies reported multiple associations between variables of interest. Statistically significant associations were identified between movement patterns and hip pain (n = 2), function/activity (n = 2), or morphology (n = 3). Significant associations included: increased hip flexion moment impulse during walking was associated with worse pain, increased hip flexion moment during walking was associated with worse hip function, decreased hip external rotation during gait and hip internal rotation during squat were associated with larger cam deformity, and increased hip flexion moment impulse during walking was also associated with more severe acetabular cartilage abnormalities. Conclusions Very little current evidence has evaluated the associations between altered movement patterns and hip pain, function/activity, or morphology in individuals with FAIS, and only low-intensity tasks have been tested. These studies found some preliminary associations between altered hip biomechanics and higher hip pain, worse hip function, and specific measures of hip morphology in individuals with FAIS. Impact This review is a first step in gaining a better understanding of movement patterns and their associations with hip pain, function/activity, and morphology, which could ultimately assist with the development of movement retraining interventions and potentially improve rehabilitation outcomes for those with FAIS.

Gender affects spine-pelvic-lower limb force line:A cross-sectional imaging study of knee osteoarthritis

“…3.In women,the deformity of knee joint was associated with backward pelvis and straightening of lumbar curvature(P<0.01),while in men, the deviation of lower limb weight axis was associated with forward pelvis(P<0.01).The difference was not signi cant in severe group(P>0.05).The reason may be that women's pelvis is relatively wide in shape, but shorter and the tension of the surrounding muscle ligaments,such as the iliolumbar ligament,is relaxed compared with that of men,resulting in different changes in pelvis backward,resulting in reduced lumbar curvature and reduced interluminal space of the knee joint [12] .Previous studies have con rmed that female LL has a positive correlation with PI,and as LL decreases, PI decreases because the line of force compensates.Katsumi et alsuggested that the reduction of lumbar lordosis in knee osteoarthritis is a compensation for knee exion contracture [13] .Sagittal alignment is not limited to the lumbar spine,but involves a complex interplay of hip,pelvic,and spinal alignment.When the lumbar lordosis Angle decreases,in order to maintain standing balance,there will be pelvic tilt,rotation,and multiple surface imbalance.Differences in Sagittal radiography parameters caused by genders is described in Fig. 4.For example,Vigdorchik et alfound that 204 cases (41%) of 500 patients with hip osteoarthritis had Low back pain, which may be caused by compensatory pelvic rotation in hip osteoarthritis,which may change the normal line of force of lumbar spine and induce low back pain [14] .However, the male pelvis is generally narrow and deep,and its line of force transmission is easy to affect the lower limb weightbearing axis,such as the femur side deformity of the male hip joint with acetabular syndrome,which damages the glenoid margin and articular cartilage [15] . At the same time,our study also found that there was a positive correlation between male SS and LPFA.When the weight bearing axis of male lower limbs deviated from the midpoint of the knee joint,the pelvis would tilt forward due to compensation.This compensation may be due to tension in the abdominal muscles and increased tension in the iliopsoas muscle,which causes the anterior rotation during hip exion,hip abduction,and natural pull on the pelvis,causing the body's weight to shift forward.…”

Improvement of Groin Pain in a Football Player with Femoroacetabular Impingement via a Correction of the Pelvic Position—A Case Report

“…Over time and with repeated kicking movements, the CAM-FAI deformity can damage the soft tissue structures of the hip. CAM-FAI can lead to sudden pain, especially during kicking movements and rapid changes of direction, such as during movement feints in football [6].…”