Movement Rates and Distances of Wintering Harlequin Ducks: Implications for Population Structure

Regehr, Heidi M.

doi:10.1675/063.034.0103

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Timing of remigial moult for individual ASY female Surf Scoters was remarkably consistent between years, based on individuals that were captured in both years of our study. This is perhaps not surprising, as data from mark-resight and satellite and radio-telemetry studies indicate that individual sea ducks often have high site fidelity and are temporally consistent across years during other stages of the annual cycle (Robertson and Cooke 1999;Phillips and Powell 2006;Phillips and Powell 2006;De la Cruz et al 2009;Regehr 2011). However, we had expected high between-year variation in emergence dates for the ASY female cohort, in particular.…”

Section: Individual Interannual Variationmentioning

confidence: 96%

Phenology and duration of remigial moult in Surf Scoters (Melanitta perspicillata) and White-winged Scoters (Melanitta fusca) on the Pacific coast of North America

et al. 2012

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By quantifying phenology and duration of remigial moult in Surf Scoters ( Melanitta perspicillata (L., 1758)) and White-winged Scoters ( Melanitta fusca (L., 1758)), we tested whether timing of moult is dictated by temporal optima or constraints. Scoters (n = 3481) were captured during moult in Alaska, British Columbia, and Washington, and remigial emergence dates were determined. We provide evidence for a pre-emergence interval of 7.3 days that occurs after old primaries are shed and before new ones become visible. All age and sex classes of both scoter species exhibited a wide range of emergence dates (Surf Scoters: 26 June to 22 September; White-winged Scoters: 6 July to 21 September) suggestive of a lack of strong temporal optima for remigial moult. For both species, timing of moult was influenced by site, year, age, and sex. Relative to other waterfowl species, scoters have typical remigial growth rates (Surf Scoters: 3.9 mm·day–1; White-winged Scoters: 4.3 mm·day–1) but a long flightless period (34–49 days), in part because their relatively high wing-loading requires a greater proportion of feather regrowth to regain flight. Our data suggest that moulting scoters are not under strong selective pressure to complete moult quickly.

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Section: Individual Interannual Variationmentioning

confidence: 96%

Phenology and duration of remigial moult in Surf Scoters (Melanitta perspicillata) and White-winged Scoters (Melanitta fusca) on the Pacific coast of North America

et al. 2012

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“…by using a cordon sanitaire), targeted education including the prevention of inadvertent introductions through Check, Clean and Dry campaigns, as well as large-scale education efforts directed towards users of lake ecosystems (Morandi et al 2015). Intriguingly, there is evidence that lake invertebrates (Freeland et al 2000), fish (Murphy et al 2012;Wilberg et al 2008), waterfowl (Regehr 2011) and aquatic plants (Purves and Dushoff 2005) may exist as metapopulations and, in some cases, exhibit source-sink dynamics. If such a population structure is found for a non-native species, then there may be scope for coordinated interventions at the landscape scale.…”

Section: Applying the Epidemiological Framework To Invasions In Lakesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Epidemiological Framework for Biological Invasions (EFBI): an interdisciplinary foundation for the assessment of biosecurity threats

Hulme¹,

Baker²,

Freckleton³

et al. 2020

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Emerging microparasite (e.g. viruses, bacteria, protozoa and fungi) epidemics and the introduction of non-native pests and weeds are major biosecurity threats worldwide. The likelihood of these threats is often estimated from probabilities of their entry, establishment, spread and ease of prevention. If ecosystems are considered equivalent to hosts, then compartment disease models should provide a useful framework for understanding the processes that underpin non-native species invasions. To enable greater cross-fertilisation between these two disciplines, the Epidemiological Framework for Biological Invasions (EFBI) is developed that classifies ecosystems in relation to their invasion status: Susceptible, Exposed, Infectious and Resistant. These states are linked by transitions relating to transmission, latency and recovery. This viewpoint differs markedly from the species-centric approaches often applied to non-native species. It allows generalisations from epidemiology, such as the force of infection, the basic reproductive ratio R0, super-spreaders, herd immunity, cordon sanitaire and ring vaccination, to be discussed in the novel context of non-native species and helps identify important gaps in the study of biological invasions. The EFBI approach highlights several limitations inherent in current approaches to the study of biological invasions including: (i) the variance in non-native abundance across ecosystems is rarely reported; (ii) field data rarely (if ever) distinguish source from sink ecosystems; (iii) estimates of the susceptibility of ecosystems to invasion seldom account for differences in exposure to non-native species; and (iv) assessments of ecosystem susceptibility often confuse the processes that underpin patterns of spread within -and between- ecosystems. Using the invasion of lakes as a model, the EFBI approach is shown to present a new biosecurity perspective that takes account of ecosystem status and complements demographic models to deliver clearer insights into the dynamics of biological invasions at the landscape scale. It will help to identify whether management of the susceptibility of ecosystems, of the number of vectors, or of the diversity of pathways (for movement between ecosystems) is the best way of limiting or reversing the population growth of a non-native species. The framework can be adapted to incorporate increasing levels of complexity and realism and to provide insights into how to monitor, map and manage biological invasions more effectively.

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Movement Rates and Distances of Wintering Harlequin Ducks: Implications for Population Structure

Cited by 2 publications

References 52 publications

Phenology and duration of remigial moult in Surf Scoters (Melanitta perspicillata) and White-winged Scoters (Melanitta fusca) on the Pacific coast of North America

Phenology and duration of remigial moult in Surf Scoters (Melanitta perspicillata) and White-winged Scoters (Melanitta fusca) on the Pacific coast of North America

The Epidemiological Framework for Biological Invasions (EFBI): an interdisciplinary foundation for the assessment of biosecurity threats

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