Movements of the heart during ejection

The Apex Cardiogram: Its Normal Features Explained by Those Found in Heart Disease

“…Most modern textbooks of physiology consider that 60 to 70 per cent of ventricular filling takes place during the early diastolic phase of rapid ventricular filling (Best and Taylor, 1961;Wright, 1961). Harrison et al (1961) recorded simultaneous intracardiac pressure pulses and velocity tracings in dogs and compared them with the kinetocardiogram in man. The velocity records from the left ventricle of the dog are very similar to the plethysmographic tracings of Henderson (1906) and show a rapid movement of blood into the left ventricle immediately the mitral valve has opened, which is then followed by a slow filling phase.…”

The 'A' wave of the apex cardiogram in aortic valve disease and cardiomyopathy.

“…Attention has recently been drawn to graphic methods of recording the atrial impulse at the car-diac apex by means of the kinetocardiogram (Harrison, Coghlan, and Prieto, 1961), the apex cardiogram (Benchimol and Dimond, 1962), or the impulse cardiogram (Beilin and Mounsey, 1962).…”