Movements of White-Lipped Peccary in French Guiana

Richard‐Hansen, Cécile; Berzins, Rachel; Petit, Maud; Rux, Ondine; Goguillon, Bertrand; Clément, Luc

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-03463-4_5

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…We defined a disappearance as occurring when no or very few WLP are sighted for at least 3 years, and a reappearance as a return to normal population abundance for that region. For example, a density of 5 to 10 individuals per km 2 is low to normal in the Amazon 18,19 , where high densities reach 100 or more individuals per km 2 (20) . Not all population declines had been documented continuously; in these cases, the absence periods were estimated by researchers.…”

Section: Literature Review and Expert Reporting Of Disappearancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mysterious disappearances of a large mammal in Neotropical forests

Fragoso

Antunes²,

Altrichter

et al. 2020

Preprint

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SummaryThe drivers of periodic population cycling by some animal species in northern systems remain unresolved1. Mysterious disappearances of populations of the Neotropical, herdforming white-lipped peccary (Tayassu pecari, henceforth “WLP”) have been anecdotally documented and explained as local events resulting from migratory movements or overhunting2,3,4, or as disease outbreaks5,6, and have not been considered in the context of large-scale species-specific population dynamics. Here we present evidence that WLP disappearances represent troughs in population cycles that occur with regular periodicity and are synchronized at regional and perhaps continent-wide spatial scales. Analysis of 43 disappearance events and 88 years of commercial and subsistence harvesting data reveals boom – bust population cycles lasting from 20 to 30 years, in which a rapid population crash occurring over 1 to 5 years is followed by a period of absence of 7 to12 years and then a slow growth phase. Overhunting alone cannot explain the crashes, but as in northern systems dispersal during the growth phase appears to play a key role. This is the first documentation of population cycling in a tropical vertebrate.

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Section: Literature Review and Expert Reporting Of Disappearancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mysterious disappearances of a large mammal in Neotropical forests

Fragoso

Antunes²,

Altrichter

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Some studies do include accurate documentation of herd encounter rates and herd size; these abundance measures correlate with density and are more frequently reported. In the Amazon, a density of about 5 individuals per km 2 is low about 10 individuals per km 2 reflects a non-extreme norm, [ 9 , 34 ]; 15 individuals per km 2 is high; while at superabundance, densities can reach 20 to 100 or more individuals per km 2 [ 35 ]. Not all population declines had been documented continuously; in these cases, the absence periods were estimated by researchers.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fluctuations in WLP abundance also influence human ecology because, when abundant, WLPs are a very important source of protein for indigenous and rural people, representing up to 70% of hunted biomass in some cases [ 4 , 8 ]. While the WLP’s unusual social organization and use of space is increasingly well-studied [ 9 , 10 ], its population fluctuations are poorly understood [ 4 , 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large-scale population disappearances and cycling in the white-lipped peccary, a tropical forest mammal

Fragoso

Antunes²,

Silvius³

et al. 2022

PLoS ONE

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Many vertebrate species undergo population fluctuations that may be random or regularly cyclic in nature. Vertebrate population cycles in northern latitudes are driven by both endogenous and exogenous factors. Suggested causes of mysterious disappearances documented for populations of the Neotropical, herd-forming, white-lipped peccary (Tayassu pecari, henceforth “WLP”) include large-scale movements, overhunting, extreme floods, or disease outbreaks. By analyzing 43 disappearance events across the Neotropics and 88 years of commercial and subsistence harvest data for the Amazon, we show that WLP disappearances are widespread and occur regularly and at large spatiotemporal scales throughout the species’ range. We present evidence that the disappearances represent 7–12-year troughs in 20–30-year WLP population cycles occurring synchronously at regional and perhaps continent-wide spatial scales as large as 10,000–5 million km2. This may represent the first documented case of natural population cyclicity in a Neotropical mammal. Because WLP populations often increase dramatically prior to a disappearance, we posit that their population cycles result from over-compensatory, density-dependent mortality. Our data also suggest that the increase phase of a WLP cycle is partly dependent on recolonization from proximal, unfragmented and undisturbed forests. This highlights the importance of very large, continuous natural areas that enable source-sink population dynamics and ensure re-colonization and local population persistence in time and space.

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“…The species is also known to reduce activity in response to high temperatures (Peterson et al., 2021) and to behaviorally thermoregulate by locating muddy areas in which to wallow (Carrillo et al., 2002). White‐lipped peccaries spend almost all their time within closed forest, entering open areas only briefly to cross between forest patches (Jorge et al., 2021; Richard‐Hansen et al., 2019), and therefore cannot be expected to thermoregulate by moving in and out of shade. In this article, we examine behavioral thermoregulation in white‐lipped peccaries by examining shifts in temporal activity patterns and microclimate selection in response to daily temperature variation in the Brazilian Pantanal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A predominantly diurnal tropical mammal increases nocturnality in response to high temperatures

Peterson,

Jorge,

Keuroghlian

2023

Biotropica

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The extent to which animals may compensate for rising temperatures through behavioral thermoregulation is an important unknown in predicting responses to climate change. Flexibility in temporal activity in particular may be an important factor in determining species' vulnerability. In this study, we examine whether the white‐lipped peccary, a predominantly diurnal Neotropical mammal, shifts its temporal activity and microclimate selection in response to daily temperature variation in the Pantanal biome of Brazil. From November 2021 to October 2022, we deployed camera traps and microclimate data loggers to record white‐lipped peccary activity and air temperature on a fine spatiotemporal scale. We found that the percentage of peccary activity that is nocturnal increased with maximum daily temperature at a rate of 3.7% per 1°C past a threshold of 31.2°C, and increased with maximum daily wet‐bulb temperature at a rate of 4.7% per 1°C past a threshold of 24.9°C. The afternoon period (i.e., solar noon to sunset) went from having the highest frequency of peccary activity at the lower end of our observed temperature range to having the lowest frequency of activity at the higher end. We did not find evidence of microclimate selection. Our findings indicate that white‐lipped peccaries in the Pantanal demonstrate substantial behavioral flexibility in their response to high temperatures, which may help to buffer them against the impact of rising temperatures caused by climate change.Abstract in Portuguese is available with online material.

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Movements of White-Lipped Peccary in French Guiana

Cited by 6 publications

References 48 publications

Mysterious disappearances of a large mammal in Neotropical forests

Mysterious disappearances of a large mammal in Neotropical forests

Large-scale population disappearances and cycling in the white-lipped peccary, a tropical forest mammal

A predominantly diurnal tropical mammal increases nocturnality in response to high temperatures

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