Moving Away From Limiting Similarity During Restoration: Timing of Arrival and Native Biomass Are Better Proxies of Invasion Suppression in Grassland Communities

Yannelli, Florencia A.; MacLaren, Chloe; Kollmann, Johannes

doi:10.3389/fevo.2020.00238

Cited by 32 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…This finding further supports the importance of priority effects for invasion resistance (Gillhaussen et al 2014;Viana et al 2016;Hess et al 2019;Yannelli et al 2020;Weidlich et al 2021). The strikingly lower biomass production of S. gigantea when introduced in three pulses of 1 g m -2 each compared to a single event of 3 g m -2 suggest a marked priority effect of the resident community (Hess et al 2020), capturing resources and thus, limiting the establishment of S. gigantea.…”

Section: Propagule Pressure and Invasivenesssupporting

confidence: 83%

“…The suppression mechanism on the invasive species may be therefore related not only to higher resource capture but to the expression of other competition traits (Yannelli et al 2020). Only when there was a pulsed, extra supply of nitrogen and a clumped sowing pattern, the performance of ARR50 disproportionally increased its biomass production, with a negative effect on the biomass of S. gigantea.…”

Section: Cascading Effects On Plant Invasionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Competitive trait hierarchies of native communities and invasive propagule pressure consistently predict invasion success during grassland establishment

2021

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Invasive non-native plants challenge ecosystems restoration, and understanding the factors that determine the establishment of invasive plants is crucial to improve restoration outcomes. However, the drivers of invasibility of plant communities are not sufficiently clear, and combined effects are not understood. Therefore, we investigated the contribution of the main drivers of invasion success during early phases of restoration, i.e., biotic resistance, invasive propagule pressure, and environmental fluctuations. We compared the contribution of these drivers in a series of mesocosms experiments using designed grasslands as a model system, and Solidago gigantea as invasive model species. Two grassland communities were designed according to competitive trait hierarchies with different sowing patterns, reflecting variation in biotic resistance. We then manipulated invader propagule pressure and applied different scenarios of environmental fluctuation, i.e., flood, heat, and N fertilization. Invasive biomass was considered as proxy for invasion success, while native biomass represented restoration success. There were consistent effects of biotic resistance to S. gigantea invasion via competitive trait hierarchies in the three experiments. Communities dominated by species with high-competition traits were more resistant regardless of environmental fluctuation. Clumped seeding of the native community reduced invasibility, whereas high non-native propagule density increased invasion. The effects of environmental fluctuation were less consistent and context-dependent, thus playing a secondary role when compared to biotic drivers of invasion. Restoration initiatives on grasslands impacted by invasive plants should consider biotic resistance of the restored community as a key driver and the importance of controlling further arrivals of invasive species during community assembly.

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Section: Propagule Pressure and Invasivenesssupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Cascading Effects On Plant Invasionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Competitive trait hierarchies of native communities and invasive propagule pressure consistently predict invasion success during grassland establishment

2021

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“…Increasing native biomass decreased J. aquatica biomass permanently, but with a disproportionate effect ( Figure S1 ). Such disproportional biomass relation was also observed as a pattern mediated by the effects of invader arrival [ 45 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Notably, effects resulting from differences in soil moisture of the experimental communities were minimal, because all communities were under the influence of the same irrigation treatment. Thus, in non-home communities, niche pre-empting was more relevant for controlling invasion than limiting trait similarities [ 45 ]. Therefore, home communities show promising trends for the suppression of invader biomass when environmental conditions fit the community requirements [ 8 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suppression of an Invasive Native Plant Species by Designed Grassland Communities

Möhrle

Reyes-Aldana

Kollmann

et al. 2021

Plants

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Grassland biodiversity is declining due to climatic change, land-use intensification, and establishment of invasive plant species. Excluding or suppressing invasive species is a challenge for grassland management. An example is Jacobaea aquatica, an invasive native plant in wet grasslands of Central Europe, that is causing problems to farmers by being poisonous, overabundant, and fast spreading. This study aimed at testing designed grassland communities in a greenhouse experiment, to determine key drivers of initial J. aquatica suppression, thus dismissing the use of pesticides. We used two base communities (mesic and wet grasslands) with three plant traits (plant height, leaf area, seed mass), that were constrained and diversified based on the invader traits. Native biomass, community-weighted mean trait values, and phylogenetic diversity (PD) were used as explanatory variables to understand variation in invasive biomass. The diversified traits leaf area and seed mass, PD, and native biomass significantly affected the invader. High native biomass permanently suppressed the invader, while functional traits needed time to develop effects; PD effects were significant at the beginning of the experiment but disappeared over time. Due to complexity and temporal effects, community weighted mean traits proved to be moderately successful for increasing invasion resistance of designed grassland communities.

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“…Early arriving species tend to exhibit an advantage, a priority effect, by controlling size-asymmetric competition (Ejrnaes et al 2006;Ko ¨rner et al 2008;Grman and Suding 2010) and plant-soil feedbacks (Kardol et al 2007;Grman and Suding 2010). These advantages have been suggested to be greater in invasive species than in native ones (Grman and Suding 2010;Dickson et al 2012;Young et al 2015;Yannelli et al 2020). In addition to arriving early and germinating quickly (Wainwright et al 2012;Wilsey et al 2015), invasive species tend to grow faster than native species, reducing resource availability and/or modifying environmental conditions for late-arriving species (Grman and Suding 2010;Van Kleunen et al 2010;Fukami 2015;Hess et al 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do not come late to the party: initial success of nonnative species is contingent on timing of arrival of co-occurring nonnatives

2021

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Invasions by multiple nonnative species threaten native communities worldwide. We know that interactions among nonnative species influence nonnative success. However, we know relatively less about the influence of community assembly history on the interactions within nonnative species and thereby invasion success. To investigate this, we transplanted seedlings of two highly invasive shrubs, Rosa rubiginosa (hereafter 'rose') and Cytisus scoparius (hereafter 'broom'), at two different times into mesocosm communities of native and nonnative species. We conducted priority and delay treatments that consisted of the early and late arrival of the invasive shrubs, respectively. We gave full priority/delay to each invasive shrub (rose early/late arrival, broom early/ late arrival) and simultaneous priority/delay (simultaneous early/late arrival). We predicted that if assembly history were important, the invasive shrubs will benefit from early-arriving and will be disadvantaged by late-arriving and that arriving before the co-invader shrub will be more beneficial than arriving before the rest of the community. We also predicted that assembly history treatments that gave an advantage to invasive shrubs will more negatively affect native species than nonnative species. We found that the invasive shrubs did not benefit by early-arrival, but they were hindered by the early-arrival of the coinvader. The rose paid a high cost for late-arrival, but the broom was only impaired when its late-arrival implied arriving after the rose. Contrary to our predictions, natives paid a lower cost than nonnatives by arriving late. In general, our mesocosm experiment showed that the success of invasive species depended more on not arriving later than other invaders than on arriving early in the community. We suggest that community assembly history modulates the sign and strength of nonnative species interactions whose consideration might improve management practices.Mariano A. Rodrı ´guez-Cabal and Martı ´n A. Nu ´n ˜ez were senior authors.

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Moving Away From Limiting Similarity During Restoration: Timing of Arrival and Native Biomass Are Better Proxies of Invasion Suppression in Grassland Communities

Cited by 32 publications

References 40 publications

Competitive trait hierarchies of native communities and invasive propagule pressure consistently predict invasion success during grassland establishment

Competitive trait hierarchies of native communities and invasive propagule pressure consistently predict invasion success during grassland establishment

Suppression of an Invasive Native Plant Species by Designed Grassland Communities

Do not come late to the party: initial success of nonnative species is contingent on timing of arrival of co-occurring nonnatives

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