Moving from 5G in Verticals to Sustainable 6G: Business, Regulatory and Technical Research Prospects

Matinmikko-Blue, Marja; Yrjölä, Seppo; Ahokangas, Petri

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-73423-7_13

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Thus, the process that is needed to gain legitimacy for local private 5G/6G networks is not only a multifaceted regulatory challenge but also a business challenge impacting the business models and ecosystems needed to provide connectivity services in local settings securely. In this, a specific challenge is the legitimation of local private network services that are offered by non-MNOs in the mobile communications ecosystem (Matinmikko-Blue et al, 2021).…”

Section: Regulating Local Mobile Communication Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local 5G/6G Network Business in Europe: Regulatory Analysis and Legitimacy Considerations

Gisca,

Matinmikko-Blue,

Ahokangas

et al. 2023

The Changing World of Mobile Communications

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Local 5G/6G mobile communication networks can be deployed by different stakeholders to serve a variety of user groups with different needs. The legal framework influencing local 5G/6G network deployments and operations, the EU Digital Legal Framework, has been recently developed and adopted by the EU, influencing network deployments, and impacting new stakeholders’ ability to become accepted and legitimate members of the mobile ecosystem. This chapter identifies and discusses relevant EU legal acts and presents the EU legal initiatives in the context of local mobile communication networks. It reviews previous research from the legitimacy challenge perspective and adds to a better understanding of how regulation currently delimits the emerging business models of the local 5G/6G networks. The chapter concludes by discussing the implications of the analysis for regulators and firms deploying local 5G/6G networks.

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Section: Regulating Local Mobile Communication Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local 5G/6G Network Business in Europe: Regulatory Analysis and Legitimacy Considerations

Gisca,

Matinmikko-Blue,

Ahokangas

et al. 2023

The Changing World of Mobile Communications

Self Cite

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“…In this context, 6G networks define "verticals" [4]. 6G verticals are commercial niches where providers cater to a particular target group, allocating and isolating the required network resources, implementing application-specific algorithms and configurations and providing exactly the needed Quality-of-Service [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient and choreographed quality-of- service management in dense 6G verticals with high-speed mobility requirements

Bordel,

Alcarria,

Chung

et al. 2024

ICA

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Future 6G networks are envisioned to support very heterogeneous and extreme applications (known as verticals). Some examples are further-enhanced mobile broadband communications, where bitrates could go above one terabit per second, or extremely reliable and low-latency communications, whose end-to-end delay must be below one hundred microseconds. To achieve that ultra-high Quality-of-Service, 6G networks are commonly provided with redundant resources and intelligent management mechanisms to ensure that all devices get the expected performance. But this approach is not feasible or scalable for all verticals. Specifically, in 6G scenarios, mobile devices are expected to have speeds greater than 500 kilometers per hour, and device density will exceed ten million devices per square kilometer. In those verticals, resources cannot be redundant as, because of such a huge number of devices, Quality-of-Service requirements are pushing the effective performance of technologies at physical level. And, on the other hand, high-speed mobility prevents intelligent mechanisms to be useful, as devices move around and evolve faster than the usual convergence time of those intelligent solutions. New technologies are needed to fill this unexplored gap. Therefore, in this paper we propose a choreographed Quality-of-Service management solution, where 6G base stations predict the evolution of verticals at real-time, and run a lightweight distributed optimization algorithm in advance, so they can manage the resource consumption and ensure all devices get the required Quality-of-Service. Prediction mechanism includes mobility models (Markov, Bayesian, etc.) and models for time-variant communication channels. Besides, a traffic prediction solution is also considered to explore the achieved Quality-of-Service in advance. The optimization algorithm calculates an efficient resource distribution according to the predicted future vertical situation, so devices achieve the expected Quality-of-Service according to the proposed traffic models. An experimental validation based on simulation tools is also provided. Results show that the proposed approach reduces up to 12% of the network resource consumption for a given Quality-of-Service.

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“…One of the innovations to come in 2030 is the sixth generation (6G) radio band [5]. The 6G band is a terahertz band (0.1-1.0 THz) which will bring many new possibilities for future communication, imaging and sensing application [6][7][8][9][10] and a wide variety of devices for various applications, such as absorbers [11], antennas [12,13], filters [14], lenses [15], etc. To meet the increasing demand for compact and high-integration systems, these devices must be miniaturized, structurally simple and economical.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementation of a second‐order frequency selective surface filter at mmWave using paper and silver ink

Kokkonen

Dessai

Myllymäki

2023

The Journal of Engineering

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In this work, fabrication of frequency selective surface filters by coating paper with silver ink and subsequent laser etching the frequency filter pattern has been investigated. Three filter structures consisting of a combination of square and ring patches operating at 102, 113, and 126 GHz and with corresponding signal attenuation of −15.2, −15.4, and −14.5 dB were fabricated and simulated; −5 dB bandwidths were following, , respectively. Also, the proposed screen printing with assistive laser etching could be used to reduce the number of used screens. Furthermore, paper based fabrication using a biodegradable ink could be an alternative fabrication process in future electronic manufacturing.

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Moving from 5G in Verticals to Sustainable 6G: Business, Regulatory and Technical Research Prospects

Cited by 6 publications

References 23 publications

Local 5G/6G Network Business in Europe: Regulatory Analysis and Legitimacy Considerations

Local 5G/6G Network Business in Europe: Regulatory Analysis and Legitimacy Considerations

Efficient and choreographed quality-of- service management in dense 6G verticals with high-speed mobility requirements

Implementation of a second‐order frequency selective surface filter at mmWave using paper and silver ink

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