“…Note that such analytical developments can also be performed up to a thorough level for the case of a moving load on an elastic half-space, with applications to the evaluation of the characteristics of guided waves induced by trains in the trackbed, ground vibrations in the environment or possible instabilities [16,17]. Another major subject of interest has been the consideration of some randomness in the train speed, loads spacing and/or amplitudes [11,18,19], track roughness [20}22] or track sti!ness characteristics [23]. These latter cases are probably the most relevant ones when applied to modern railways although the most di$cult to handle from a theoretical point of view; on the contrary, randomness related to the loads amplitudes, speed or arrival times, is more likely to occur for highway bridges.…”